commit: 923166d6b78c34a6ac35527f3924373337aa96cb
parent 596cc767a8cb940b74e419aa1a679687f9626840
Author: rekkabell <rekkabell@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 28 Jan 2024 09:14:34 -0800
*
Diffstat:
4 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)
diff --git a/links/rss.xml b/links/rss.xml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
<title>Grimgrains</title>
<link>https://grimgrains.com/</link>
<description>Grimgrains — a plantbased cooking blog</description>
-<lastBuildDate>Sat, 27 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0900</lastBuildDate>
+<lastBuildDate>Sun, 28 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0900</lastBuildDate>
<image>
<url>https://grimgrains.com/media/services/rss.jpg</url>
<title>Grimgrains — a plantbased cooking blog</title>
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Rek Bell]]></dc:creator>
<description>
<![CDATA[<img src='https://grimgrains.com/media/recipes/sourdough_starter.jpg' width='600'/>
-<div><p>Sourdough bread has been arounds for a long time. People are still making it today, even with the existence of baker's yeast.</p><p>The fermentation required to prepare it improves the flavor of the dough, and makes it easier for the body to absorb the <a href='nutrition.html#zinc'>dietary minerals</a> present in the grains.</p><p>Making sourdough bread begins with a sourdough starter. The starter is a fermenting mixture of flour and water containing microorganisms which include wild yeast and lactobacilli. The yeast produces carbon dioxide which leavens the dough, and the lactobacilli produce lactic acid which contribute flavor. The process is simple, it requires more waiting than active cooking time. We've made a summary of common questions and concerns when it comes to making a starter.</p><p><b><a id='discard'>WHY DISCARD?</a></b></p><p>Discarding starter is necessary as it quickly builds up in a jar and becomes difficult to manage. The discard works well in a variety of baked goods.</p><p><b>ADAPTING YEAST RECIPES</b></p><p>There are some key aspects to converting yeast recipes to sourdough, like hydration level and yeast. <a href='https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/sourdough/hydration-sourdough-starter/' target='_blank'>Hydration level</a> is the ratio of water to flour in a starter. You can maintain or adjust the hydration level with each feeding based on the ratio of water to flour you feed your starter. Aiming for 100% hydration, or equal weights of flour and water, is recommended.</p><p>To calculate how much added yeast is necessary, first you have to know that the rising power of 7 g of yeast (1 packet) is roughly equivalent to 226 g (1 cup) of sourdough starter.</p><p>With this information it's easy to approximate the amount of added water, flour and yeast in a recipe.</p><p><b>FEEDINGS</b></p><p>The starter needs feedings at <b>12 h intervals daily</b> in the first week, and <b>once a day afterwards</b>. As long as this starter culture is fed flour and water regularly it will remain active.</p><p><b>I forgot to feed my starter!</b> Forgetting to feed the starter isn't a big deal, feed it as soon as you remember. Feedings of longer than three days acidify the dough and may change the microbial ecosystem.<br /><b>Did i feed my starter too much?</b> Feeding the wrong amount won't kill it, but it may make it appear too dry or too wet and may not rise as expected. You can correct the feeding by adding either more flour or water, it will right itself.<br /><b>What's the liquid on top of my starter?</b> This liquid is the alcohol given off as the wild yeast ferments. This doesn't mean it's going bad, it indicates that your starter is hungry.</p><p><b>FLOUR</b></p><p>Using wholemeal instead of processed flour for your starter is a good idea because it provides a variety of organisms and minerals.</p><p><b>FILTERED WATER</b></p><p>Using filtered (carbon filter) or distilled water instead of plain tap ensures good fermentation, as sourdough relies on microorganisms that chlorine inhibits. Leaving tap water uncovered for 24 h will allow the chlorine to dissipate.</p><p><b>Can my starter go bad?</b> Starters require more attention on the initial 6-10 days it takes to create a healthy mature starter. It hasn't yet developed defenses that characterize a mature starter. Mature starter cultures are stable because of their pH level and the presence of antibacterial agents, this helps prevent colonization by unwanted yeasts and bacteria. Sourdough breads keep fresh longer than regular bread for this reason too. The ideal temperature for starters is 21 °C, but a bit higher and lower won't hurt it. Yeast dies at 60 °C. If you see an pink or orange streak on your starter, this is a sure sign it's gone bad, discard and start over.</p><p>Good luck with your starter, and be sure to give it a name! Ours is called Teki, after a tern in Miyazaki's Future Boy Conan.</p></div><p><a href='https://grimgrains.com/site/sourdough_starter.html'>Continue reading</a></p>]]>
+<div><p>Sourdough bread has been arounds for a long time. People are still making it today, even with the existence of baker's yeast.</p><p>The fermentation required to prepare it improves the flavor of the dough, and makes it easier for the body to absorb the <a href='nutrition.html#zinc'>dietary minerals</a> present in the grains.</p><p>Making sourdough bread begins with a sourdough starter. The starter is a fermenting mixture of flour and water containing microorganisms which include wild yeast and lactobacilli. The yeast produces carbon dioxide which leavens the dough, and the lactobacilli produce lactic acid which contribute flavor. The process is simple, it requires more waiting than active cooking time. We've made a summary of common questions and concerns when it comes to making a starter.</p><p><b><a id='discard'>WHY DISCARD?</a></b></p><p>Discarding starter is necessary as it quickly builds up in a jar and becomes difficult to manage. The discard works well in a variety of baked goods.</p><p><b>ADAPTING YEAST RECIPES</b></p><p>There are some key aspects to converting yeast recipes to sourdough, like hydration level and yeast. <a href='https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/sourdough/hydration-sourdough-starter/' target='_blank'>Hydration level</a> is the ratio of water to flour in a starter. You can maintain or adjust the hydration level with each feeding based on the ratio of water to flour you feed your starter. Aiming for 100% hydration, or equal weights of flour and water, is recommended.</p><p>To calculate how much added yeast is necessary, first you have to know that the rising power of 7 g of yeast (1 packet) is roughly equivalent to 226 g (1 cup) of sourdough starter.</p><p>With this information it's easy to approximate the amount of added water, flour and yeast in a recipe.</p><p><b>FEEDINGS</b></p><p>The starter needs feedings at <b>12 h intervals daily</b> in the first week, and <b>once a day afterwards</b>. As long as this starter culture is fed flour and water regularly it will remain active.</p><p><b>I forgot to feed my starter!</b> Forgetting to feed the starter isn't a big deal, feed it as soon as you remember. Feedings of longer than three days acidify the dough and may change the microbial ecosystem.<br /><b>Did i feed my starter too much?</b> Feeding the wrong amount won't kill it, but it may make it appear too dry or too wet and may not rise as expected. You can correct the feeding by adding either more flour or water, it will right itself.<br /><b>Liquid on top of my starter?</b> This liquid is the alcohol given off as the wild yeast ferments. This doesn't mean it's going bad, it indicates that your starter is hungry.</p><p><b>FLOUR</b></p><p>Using wholemeal instead of processed flour for your starter is a good idea because it provides a variety of organisms and minerals.</p><p><b>FILTERED WATER</b></p><p>Using filtered (carbon filter) or distilled water instead of plain tap ensures good fermentation, as sourdough relies on microorganisms that chlorine inhibits. Leaving tap water uncovered for 24 h will allow the chlorine to dissipate.</p><p><b>Can my starter go bad?</b> Starters require more attention on the initial 6-10 days it takes to create a healthy mature starter. It hasn't yet developed defenses that characterize a mature starter. Mature starter cultures are stable because of their pH level and the presence of antibacterial agents, this helps prevent colonization by unwanted yeasts and bacteria. Sourdough breads keep fresh longer than regular bread for this reason too. The ideal temperature for starters is 21 °C, but a bit higher and lower won't hurt it. Yeast dies at 60 °C. If you see an pink or orange streak on your starter, this is a sure sign it's gone bad, discard and start over.</p><p><b>Smaller starter?</b> Because I don't bake often and that I don't want too much discard, I keep a very small batch of sourdough: 20g (4 tsp) water to 20g (2 tbsp) flour. The only downside is that it takes a lot longer to build enough starter to bake with.</p></div><p><a href='https://grimgrains.com/site/sourdough_starter.html'>Continue reading</a></p>]]>
</description>
</item>
<item>
diff --git a/site/chocolate_chip_cookies.html b/site/chocolate_chip_cookies.html
@@ -1 +1 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang='en'><head><meta charset='utf-8'><meta name='description' content='Grim Grains is an illustrated food blog, it features plant-based (vegan) recipes.'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'><meta name='twitter:card' content='summary'><meta name='twitter:site' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta name='twitter:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta name='twitter:creator' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='og:url' content='http://grimgrains.com/'><meta property='og:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta property='og:site_name' content='Grimgrains'><link rel='icon' type='image/x-icon' href='../media/services/favicon.ico'><link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='../media/services/icon.jpg'><link rel='apple-touch-icon' href='../media/services/apple-touch-icon.png' /><title>GrimGrains — chocolate chip cookies</title><link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS Feed' href='../links/rss.xml' /><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='../links/main.css'></head><body class='recipe'><header><a id='logo' href='home.html'><img src='../media/interface/logo.png' alt='Grimgrains'></a></header><nav><ul><li class='home'><a href='home.html'>Home</a></li><li class='about'><a href='about.html'>About</a></li><li class='tools'><a href='tools.html'>Tools</a></li><li class='nutrition'><a href='nutrition.html'>Nutrition</a></li><li class='sprouting'><a href='sprouting.html'>Sprouting</a></li><li class='lactofermentation'><a href='lactofermentation.html'>Lacto-fermentation</a></li><li class='right'><a href='https://grimgrains.com/links/rss.xml'>RSS feed</a> | <a href='https://merveilles.town/@rek' target='_blank'>Mastodon</a></li></ul></nav><main class='recipe'><h1>chocolate chip cookies</h1><h2>12 cookies — 20 minutes</h2><img src='../media/recipes/chocolate_chip_cookies.jpg'/><div class='col2'><p>We've been making chocolate chips cookies for a while, but never thought it worthy of a recipe because there are so many online already. In the interest of posting absolute basic recipes though, we felt it deserved to be written down, especially because cookie chemistry is difficult. Slight differences in moisture content, altitude, fat content and sugar content can alter the look and texture of a cookie. There are reasons for the quantities and choice of each ingredient, all interact with each other to give cookies their sweet and soft texture.</p><p>This recipe is a good base. Substitutions are possible, but changing ingredients—depending on the ingredient—can mess up your recipe. In our suggestions we give examples of good substitutions, and how to modify the recipe to get a good result.<b class='head'>Substitutions</b> <b>Flour:</b> If you choose to use spelt flour, a more nutritious alternative, add 5 ml (5 ml) of baking powder to help it rise.</p><p><b>Fat:</b> The fat in cookies is a big part of their structure. We've added vegan butter(or margarine) as it behaves like actual butter, it helps create baked goods that are more tender by shortening gluten strands. When fat coats flour, it slows down the process of gluten formation creating a more tender product <a href='https://bakerbettie.com/function-of-butter-in-baking/#The_Function_of_Butter_in_Baking'>ref</a>. To make your own vegan butter, look for the recipe in <b>The Homemade Vegan Pantry by Miyoko Schinner</b>.</p><p><b>Sugar:</b> Sugar is important in cookies, it helps with the flavor, color and texture. The oven temperature causes the sugar to react with the proteins, this is what gives baked goods their brown color. Natural brown sugar is important in this recipe, as it adds moisture to the dough. If you use 100% granulated white sugar the cookie won't spread as well, not unless you add more moisture.</p><p><b>Add-ins:</b> If you have a sensitivity to caffeine use <a href='carob_chips.html'>carob chips</a> instead of chocolate chips. Switching to carob won't affect the cookies. <b class='head'>Troubleshooting</b>"I followed the recipe, but my cookies don't look the same as yours!" The quirkiness of different ovens makes it difficult to give accurate cooking times. Having a thermometer in your oven is the best way to read the temperature accurately.</p><p><b>Help! Cookie spreading too much!</b> If your cookie is spreading too much, you may have added too much sugar. Sugar is hygroscopic, it absorbs liquid but once it bakes it releases that and if there's too much, then it keeps spreading. Oven temperature is another factor. The hotter the oven, the more quickly the fat melts before the cookies have time to set. Depending on your oven, you may need to bake cookies longer but at a lower temperature.</p><p><b>Help! Cookie not spreading!</b> One of the most common reasons why cookies don't spread is because there's too much flour in the dough. Try using less, and consider increasing the commercial brown sugar by a few tablespoons. This will add slightly more moisture and help the cookies spread. Be sure you're also using room temperature ingredients, especially butter, to promote the best spread and texture.</p><p>Read more about <a href='https://www.kingarthurflour.com/blog/2016/03/14/cookie-chemistry-2'>cookie chemistry</a>. Recipe inspired from <a href='https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/chocolate-chip-cookies-recipe'>this one</a>.</p></div><dl class='ingredients'><h3>cookie mix</h3><dt><a href='all_purpose_flour.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/all_purpose_flour.png'/><b>all purpose flour</b></a><u>120 g</u></dt><dt><a href='baking_soda.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/baking_soda.png'/><b>baking soda</b></a><u>2.5 g</u></dt><dt><a href='salt.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/salt.png'/><b>salt</b></a><u>1.25 g</u></dt><dt><a href='granulated_sugar.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/granulated_sugar.png'/><b>granulated sugar</b></a><u>75 g</u></dt><dt><a href='natural_brown_sugar.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/natural_brown_sugar.png'/><b>natural brown sugar</b></a><u>92 g</u></dt><dt><a href='vegan_butter.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/vegan_butter.png'/><b>vegan butter</b></a><u>113 g</u></dt><dt><a href='soy_milk.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/soy_milk.png'/><b>soy milk</b></a><u>45 ml</u></dt><dt><a href='apple_cider_vinegar.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/apple_cider_vinegar.png'/><b>apple cider vinegar</b></a><u>2.5 ml</u></dt><dt><a href='flax_seeds.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/flax_seeds.png'/><b>flax seeds</b></a><u>7 g, ground</u></dt><dt><a href='water.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/water.png'/><b>water</b></a><u>45 ml</u></dt><dt><a href='chocolate_chips.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/chocolate_chips.png'/><b>chocolate chips</b></a><u>170 g</u></dt></dl><ul class='instructions'><li>Measure <i>113 g (1/2 cup)</i> of <a href='vegan_butter.html'>vegan butter</a>. It should be slightly cooler than room temp.</li><li>Heat oven to <u>190 °C (375 °F)</u>.</li><li>In a small bowl, mix <i>7 g (1 tbsp)</i> of <a href='flax_seeds'>ground flax seeds</a> with <i>45 ml (3 tbsp)</i> of <a href='water'>water</a>. This is your flax 'egg', let it thicken for <u>5 minutes</u>.</li><li>Mix <i>120 g (1 cup)</i> of <a href='all_purpose_flour'>all purpose flour</a> with <i>2.5 g (1/2 tsp)</i> of <a href='baking_soda'>baking soda</a> and <i>1.25 g (1/4 tsp)</i> of <a href='salt.html'>salt</a>.</li><li>In a bowl, cream <i>75 g (6 tbsp)</i> of <a href='granulated_sugar'>granulated sugar</a>, <i>90 g (6 tbsp)</i> of <a href='brown_sugar'>natural brown sugar</a> with <i>113 g (1/2 cup)</i> of <a href='vegan_butter'>vegan butter</a> until well incorporated. Then add <i>45 ml (3 tbsp)</i> of <a href='soy_milk.html'>soy milk</a>, <i>2.5 ml (1/2 tsp)</i> of <a href='apple_cider_vinegar.html'>apple cider vinegar</a> and the flax egg. Mix again until smooth and creamy.</li><li>Add the wet ingredients to the dry, and mix well (but don't over do it).</li><li>Add <i>170 g (1 cup)</i> of <a href='chocolate_chips.html'>chocolate chips</a>, distribute evenly.</li><li>Scoop up generous balls of dough and lay on a baking sheet, leave plenty of room inbetween. </li><li>Bake cookies until they start to brown and crisp at the edges, depending on your oven this may take <u>10-15 minutes</u>. My oven is old and bakes at lower temperatures so I need to bake them for the longer time. See notes in above description.</li></ul></main><footer><a href='about.html'>Grimgrains</a> © 2014—2024 <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/' target='_blank'> BY-NC-SA-4.0</a><br><a href='http://100r.co/' target='_blank'>Hundred Rabbits</a></footer></body></html>
-\ No newline at end of file
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang='en'><head><meta charset='utf-8'><meta name='description' content='Grim Grains is an illustrated food blog, it features plant-based (vegan) recipes.'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'><meta name='twitter:card' content='summary'><meta name='twitter:site' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta name='twitter:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta name='twitter:creator' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='og:url' content='http://grimgrains.com/'><meta property='og:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta property='og:site_name' content='Grimgrains'><link rel='icon' type='image/x-icon' href='../media/services/favicon.ico'><link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='../media/services/icon.jpg'><link rel='apple-touch-icon' href='../media/services/apple-touch-icon.png' /><title>GrimGrains — chocolate chip cookies</title><link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS Feed' href='../links/rss.xml' /><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='../links/main.css'></head><body class='recipe'><header><a id='logo' href='home.html'><img src='../media/interface/logo.png' alt='Grimgrains'></a></header><nav><ul><li class='home'><a href='home.html'>Home</a></li><li class='about'><a href='about.html'>About</a></li><li class='tools'><a href='tools.html'>Tools</a></li><li class='nutrition'><a href='nutrition.html'>Nutrition</a></li><li class='sprouting'><a href='sprouting.html'>Sprouting</a></li><li class='lactofermentation'><a href='lactofermentation.html'>Lacto-fermentation</a></li><li class='right'><a href='https://grimgrains.com/links/rss.xml'>RSS feed</a> | <a href='https://merveilles.town/@rek' target='_blank'>Mastodon</a></li></ul></nav><main class='recipe'><h1>chocolate chip cookies</h1><h2>12 cookies — 20 minutes</h2><img src='../media/recipes/chocolate_chip_cookies.jpg'/><div class='col2'><p>We've been making chocolate chips cookies for a while, but never thought it worthy of a recipe because there are so many online already. In the interest of posting absolute basic recipes though, we felt it deserved to be written down, especially because cookie chemistry is difficult. Slight differences in moisture content, altitude, fat content and sugar content can alter the look and texture of a cookie. There are reasons for the quantities and choice of each ingredient, all interact with each other to give cookies their sweet and soft texture.</p><p>This recipe is a good base. Substitutions are possible, but changing ingredients—depending on the ingredient—can mess up your recipe. In our suggestions we give examples of good substitutions, and how to modify the recipe to get a good result.<b class='head'>Substitutions</b> <b>Flour:</b> If you choose to use spelt flour, a more nutritious alternative, add 5 ml (5 ml) of baking powder to help it rise.</p><p><b>Fat:</b> The fat in cookies is a big part of their structure. We've added vegan butter(or margarine) as it behaves like actual butter, it helps create baked goods that are more tender by shortening gluten strands. When fat coats flour, it slows down the process of gluten formation creating a more tender product <a href='https://bakerbettie.com/function-of-butter-in-baking/#The_Function_of_Butter_in_Baking'>ref</a>. To make your own vegan butter, look for the recipe in <b>The Homemade Vegan Pantry by Miyoko Schinner</b>.</p><p><b>Sugar:</b> Sugar is important in cookies, it helps with the flavor, color and texture. The oven temperature causes the sugar to react with the proteins, this is what gives baked goods their brown color. Natural brown sugar is important in this recipe, as it adds moisture to the dough. If you use 100% granulated white sugar the cookie won't spread as well, not unless you add more moisture.</p><p><b>Add-ins:</b> If you have a sensitivity to caffeine use <a href='carob_chips.html'>carob chips</a> instead of chocolate chips. Switching to carob won't affect the cookies. <b class='head'>Troubleshooting</b>"I followed the recipe, but my cookies don't look the same as yours!" The quirkiness of different ovens makes it difficult to give accurate cooking times. Having a thermometer in your oven is the best way to read the temperature accurately.</p><p><b>Help! Cookie spreading too much!</b> If your cookie is spreading too much, you may have added too much sugar. Sugar is hygroscopic, it absorbs liquid but once it bakes it releases that and if there's too much, then it keeps spreading. Oven temperature is another factor. The hotter the oven, the more quickly the fat melts before the cookies have time to set. Depending on your oven, you may need to bake cookies longer but at a lower temperature.</p><p><b>Help! Cookie not spreading!</b> One of the most common reasons why cookies don't spread is because there's too much flour in the dough. Try using less, and consider increasing the commercial brown sugar by a few tablespoons. This will add slightly more moisture and help the cookies spread. Be sure you're also using room temperature ingredients, especially butter, to promote the best spread and texture.</p><p>Read more about <a href='https://www.kingarthurflour.com/blog/2016/03/14/cookie-chemistry-2'>cookie chemistry</a>. Recipe inspired from <a href='https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/chocolate-chip-cookies-recipe'>this one</a>.</p></div><dl class='ingredients'><h3>cookie mix</h3><dt><a href='all_purpose_flour.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/all_purpose_flour.png'/><b>all purpose flour</b></a><u>120 g</u></dt><dt><a href='baking_soda.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/baking_soda.png'/><b>baking soda</b></a><u>2.5 g</u></dt><dt><a href='salt.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/salt.png'/><b>salt</b></a><u>1.25 g</u></dt><dt><a href='granulated_sugar.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/granulated_sugar.png'/><b>granulated sugar</b></a><u>75 g</u></dt><dt><a href='natural_brown_sugar.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/natural_brown_sugar.png'/><b>natural brown sugar</b></a><u>92 g</u></dt><dt><a href='vegan_butter.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/vegan_butter.png'/><b>vegan butter</b></a><u>92 g</u></dt><dt><a href='soy_milk.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/soy_milk.png'/><b>soy milk</b></a><u>45 ml</u></dt><dt><a href='apple_cider_vinegar.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/apple_cider_vinegar.png'/><b>apple cider vinegar</b></a><u>2.5 ml</u></dt><dt><a href='flax_seeds.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/flax_seeds.png'/><b>flax seeds</b></a><u>7 g, ground</u></dt><dt><a href='water.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/water.png'/><b>water</b></a><u>45 ml</u></dt><dt><a href='chocolate_chips.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/chocolate_chips.png'/><b>chocolate chips</b></a><u>170 g</u></dt></dl><ul class='instructions'><li>Measure <i>92 g (1/2 cup)</i> of <a href='vegan_butter.html'>vegan butter</a>. It should be slightly cooler than room temp.</li><li>Heat oven to <u>190 °C (375 °F)</u>.</li><li>In a small bowl, mix <i>7 g (1 tbsp)</i> of <a href='flax_seeds'>ground flax seeds</a> with <i>45 ml (3 tbsp)</i> of <a href='water'>water</a>. This is your flax 'egg', let it thicken for <u>5 minutes</u>.</li><li>Mix <i>120 g (1 cup)</i> of <a href='all_purpose_flour'>all purpose flour</a> with <i>2.5 g (1/2 tsp)</i> of <a href='baking_soda'>baking soda</a> and <i>1.25 g (1/4 tsp)</i> of <a href='salt.html'>salt</a>.</li><li>In a bowl, cream <i>75 g (6 tbsp)</i> of <a href='granulated_sugar'>granulated sugar</a>, <i>90 g (6 tbsp)</i> of <a href='brown_sugar'>natural brown sugar</a> with <i>113 g (1/2 cup)</i> of <a href='vegan_butter'>vegan butter</a> until well incorporated. Then add <i>45 ml (3 tbsp)</i> of <a href='soy_milk.html'>soy milk</a>, <i>2.5 ml (1/2 tsp)</i> of <a href='apple_cider_vinegar.html'>apple cider vinegar</a> and the flax egg. Mix again until smooth and creamy.</li><li>Add the wet ingredients to the dry, and mix well (but don't over do it).</li><li>Add <i>170 g (1 cup)</i> of <a href='chocolate_chips.html'>chocolate chips</a>, distribute evenly.</li><li>Scoop up generous balls of dough and lay on a baking sheet, leave plenty of room inbetween. </li><li>Bake cookies until they start to brown and crisp at the edges, depending on your oven this may take <u>10-15 minutes</u>. My oven is old and bakes at lower temperatures so I need to bake them for the longer time. See notes in above description.</li></ul></main><footer><a href='about.html'>Grimgrains</a> © 2014—2024 <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/' target='_blank'> BY-NC-SA-4.0</a><br><a href='http://100r.co/' target='_blank'>Hundred Rabbits</a></footer></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/site/sourdough_starter.html b/site/sourdough_starter.html
@@ -1 +1 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang='en'><head><meta charset='utf-8'><meta name='description' content='Grim Grains is an illustrated food blog, it features plant-based (vegan) recipes.'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'><meta name='twitter:card' content='summary'><meta name='twitter:site' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta name='twitter:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta name='twitter:creator' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='og:url' content='http://grimgrains.com/'><meta property='og:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta property='og:site_name' content='Grimgrains'><link rel='icon' type='image/x-icon' href='../media/services/favicon.ico'><link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='../media/services/icon.jpg'><link rel='apple-touch-icon' href='../media/services/apple-touch-icon.png' /><title>GrimGrains — sourdough starter</title><link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS Feed' href='../links/rss.xml' /><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='../links/main.css'></head><body class='recipe'><header><a id='logo' href='home.html'><img src='../media/interface/logo.png' alt='Grimgrains'></a></header><nav><ul><li class='home'><a href='home.html'>Home</a></li><li class='about'><a href='about.html'>About</a></li><li class='tools'><a href='tools.html'>Tools</a></li><li class='nutrition'><a href='nutrition.html'>Nutrition</a></li><li class='sprouting'><a href='sprouting.html'>Sprouting</a></li><li class='lactofermentation'><a href='lactofermentation.html'>Lacto-fermentation</a></li><li class='right'><a href='https://grimgrains.com/links/rss.xml'>RSS feed</a> | <a href='https://merveilles.town/@rek' target='_blank'>Mastodon</a></li></ul></nav><main class='recipe'><h1>sourdough starter</h1><h2>1 serving — 15 minutes</h2><img src='../media/recipes/sourdough_starter.jpg'/><div class='col2'><p>Sourdough bread has been arounds for a long time. People are still making it today, even with the existence of baker's yeast.</p><p>The fermentation required to prepare it improves the flavor of the dough, and makes it easier for the body to absorb the <a href='nutrition.html#zinc'>dietary minerals</a> present in the grains.</p><p>Making sourdough bread begins with a sourdough starter. The starter is a fermenting mixture of flour and water containing microorganisms which include wild yeast and lactobacilli. The yeast produces carbon dioxide which leavens the dough, and the lactobacilli produce lactic acid which contribute flavor. The process is simple, it requires more waiting than active cooking time. We've made a summary of common questions and concerns when it comes to making a starter.</p><p><b><a id='discard'>WHY DISCARD?</a></b></p><p>Discarding starter is necessary as it quickly builds up in a jar and becomes difficult to manage. The discard works well in a variety of baked goods.</p><p><b>ADAPTING YEAST RECIPES</b></p><p>There are some key aspects to converting yeast recipes to sourdough, like hydration level and yeast. <a href='https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/sourdough/hydration-sourdough-starter/' target='_blank'>Hydration level</a> is the ratio of water to flour in a starter. You can maintain or adjust the hydration level with each feeding based on the ratio of water to flour you feed your starter. Aiming for 100% hydration, or equal weights of flour and water, is recommended.</p><p>To calculate how much added yeast is necessary, first you have to know that the rising power of 7 g of yeast (1 packet) is roughly equivalent to 226 g (1 cup) of sourdough starter.</p><p>With this information it's easy to approximate the amount of added water, flour and yeast in a recipe.</p><p><b>FEEDINGS</b></p><p>The starter needs feedings at <b>12 h intervals daily</b> in the first week, and <b>once a day afterwards</b>. As long as this starter culture is fed flour and water regularly it will remain active.</p><p><b>I forgot to feed my starter!</b> Forgetting to feed the starter isn't a big deal, feed it as soon as you remember. Feedings of longer than three days acidify the dough and may change the microbial ecosystem.<br /><b>Did i feed my starter too much?</b> Feeding the wrong amount won't kill it, but it may make it appear too dry or too wet and may not rise as expected. You can correct the feeding by adding either more flour or water, it will right itself.<br /><b>What's the liquid on top of my starter?</b> This liquid is the alcohol given off as the wild yeast ferments. This doesn't mean it's going bad, it indicates that your starter is hungry.</p><p><b>FLOUR</b></p><p>Using wholemeal instead of processed flour for your starter is a good idea because it provides a variety of organisms and minerals.</p><p><b>FILTERED WATER</b></p><p>Using filtered (carbon filter) or distilled water instead of plain tap ensures good fermentation, as sourdough relies on microorganisms that chlorine inhibits. Leaving tap water uncovered for 24 h will allow the chlorine to dissipate.</p><p><b>Can my starter go bad?</b> Starters require more attention on the initial 6-10 days it takes to create a healthy mature starter. It hasn't yet developed defenses that characterize a mature starter. Mature starter cultures are stable because of their pH level and the presence of antibacterial agents, this helps prevent colonization by unwanted yeasts and bacteria. Sourdough breads keep fresh longer than regular bread for this reason too. The ideal temperature for starters is 21 °C, but a bit higher and lower won't hurt it. Yeast dies at 60 °C. If you see an pink or orange streak on your starter, this is a sure sign it's gone bad, discard and start over.</p><p>Good luck with your starter, and be sure to give it a name! Ours is called Teki, after a tern in Miyazaki's Future Boy Conan.</p></div><dl class='ingredients'><h3>starter</h3><dt><a href='whole_wheat_flour.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/whole_wheat_flour.png'/><b>whole wheat flour</b></a><u>28 g</u></dt><dt><a href='water.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/water.png'/><b>water</b></a><u>60 ml</u></dt></dl><ul class='instructions'><li>Day 1. Come morning, mix <i>28 g (~1/4 cup)</i> of <a href='whole_wheat_flour.html'>whole wheat flour</a> with <i>60 ml (1/4 cup)</i> of <a href='water.html'>filtered water</a> in a jar. Stir well, and cover with a loosely-fitted lid. Allow to rest for 12 hours, then stir in the same quantities of flour and water.</li><li>Day 2-3. Continue to feed starter in mornings and evenings. By day 3, bubbles will have formed and the starter will give off a sour smell.</li><li>Day 4-6. Continue to feed morning and evenings. Start discarding all but <i>113 g (~1/2 cup)</i> of the starter. Only discard before you feed it, not after. Why discard? Read the <a href='#discard'>notes</a> in the description above. More bubbles will appear, and the starter will start to grow in volume between feedings.</li><li>Day 7-9. The starter will be very airy, especially a few hours after a feed. Continue to feed twice a day.</li><li>Day 10. Feed once per day if kept at room temperature. It's now possible to start using the starter to make sourdough recipes.</li></ul></main><footer><a href='about.html'>Grimgrains</a> © 2014—2024 <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/' target='_blank'> BY-NC-SA-4.0</a><br><a href='http://100r.co/' target='_blank'>Hundred Rabbits</a></footer></body></html>
-\ No newline at end of file
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang='en'><head><meta charset='utf-8'><meta name='description' content='Grim Grains is an illustrated food blog, it features plant-based (vegan) recipes.'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'><meta name='twitter:card' content='summary'><meta name='twitter:site' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta name='twitter:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta name='twitter:creator' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='og:url' content='http://grimgrains.com/'><meta property='og:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta property='og:site_name' content='Grimgrains'><link rel='icon' type='image/x-icon' href='../media/services/favicon.ico'><link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='../media/services/icon.jpg'><link rel='apple-touch-icon' href='../media/services/apple-touch-icon.png' /><title>GrimGrains — sourdough starter</title><link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS Feed' href='../links/rss.xml' /><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='../links/main.css'></head><body class='recipe'><header><a id='logo' href='home.html'><img src='../media/interface/logo.png' alt='Grimgrains'></a></header><nav><ul><li class='home'><a href='home.html'>Home</a></li><li class='about'><a href='about.html'>About</a></li><li class='tools'><a href='tools.html'>Tools</a></li><li class='nutrition'><a href='nutrition.html'>Nutrition</a></li><li class='sprouting'><a href='sprouting.html'>Sprouting</a></li><li class='lactofermentation'><a href='lactofermentation.html'>Lacto-fermentation</a></li><li class='right'><a href='https://grimgrains.com/links/rss.xml'>RSS feed</a> | <a href='https://merveilles.town/@rek' target='_blank'>Mastodon</a></li></ul></nav><main class='recipe'><h1>sourdough starter</h1><h2>1 serving — 15 minutes</h2><img src='../media/recipes/sourdough_starter.jpg'/><div class='col2'><p>Sourdough bread has been arounds for a long time. People are still making it today, even with the existence of baker's yeast.</p><p>The fermentation required to prepare it improves the flavor of the dough, and makes it easier for the body to absorb the <a href='nutrition.html#zinc'>dietary minerals</a> present in the grains.</p><p>Making sourdough bread begins with a sourdough starter. The starter is a fermenting mixture of flour and water containing microorganisms which include wild yeast and lactobacilli. The yeast produces carbon dioxide which leavens the dough, and the lactobacilli produce lactic acid which contribute flavor. The process is simple, it requires more waiting than active cooking time. We've made a summary of common questions and concerns when it comes to making a starter.</p><p><b><a id='discard'>WHY DISCARD?</a></b></p><p>Discarding starter is necessary as it quickly builds up in a jar and becomes difficult to manage. The discard works well in a variety of baked goods.</p><p><b>ADAPTING YEAST RECIPES</b></p><p>There are some key aspects to converting yeast recipes to sourdough, like hydration level and yeast. <a href='https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/sourdough/hydration-sourdough-starter/' target='_blank'>Hydration level</a> is the ratio of water to flour in a starter. You can maintain or adjust the hydration level with each feeding based on the ratio of water to flour you feed your starter. Aiming for 100% hydration, or equal weights of flour and water, is recommended.</p><p>To calculate how much added yeast is necessary, first you have to know that the rising power of 7 g of yeast (1 packet) is roughly equivalent to 226 g (1 cup) of sourdough starter.</p><p>With this information it's easy to approximate the amount of added water, flour and yeast in a recipe.</p><p><b>FEEDINGS</b></p><p>The starter needs feedings at <b>12 h intervals daily</b> in the first week, and <b>once a day afterwards</b>. As long as this starter culture is fed flour and water regularly it will remain active.</p><p><b>I forgot to feed my starter!</b> Forgetting to feed the starter isn't a big deal, feed it as soon as you remember. Feedings of longer than three days acidify the dough and may change the microbial ecosystem.<br /><b>Did i feed my starter too much?</b> Feeding the wrong amount won't kill it, but it may make it appear too dry or too wet and may not rise as expected. You can correct the feeding by adding either more flour or water, it will right itself.<br /><b>Liquid on top of my starter?</b> This liquid is the alcohol given off as the wild yeast ferments. This doesn't mean it's going bad, it indicates that your starter is hungry.</p><p><b>FLOUR</b></p><p>Using wholemeal instead of processed flour for your starter is a good idea because it provides a variety of organisms and minerals.</p><p><b>FILTERED WATER</b></p><p>Using filtered (carbon filter) or distilled water instead of plain tap ensures good fermentation, as sourdough relies on microorganisms that chlorine inhibits. Leaving tap water uncovered for 24 h will allow the chlorine to dissipate.</p><p><b>Can my starter go bad?</b> Starters require more attention on the initial 6-10 days it takes to create a healthy mature starter. It hasn't yet developed defenses that characterize a mature starter. Mature starter cultures are stable because of their pH level and the presence of antibacterial agents, this helps prevent colonization by unwanted yeasts and bacteria. Sourdough breads keep fresh longer than regular bread for this reason too. The ideal temperature for starters is 21 °C, but a bit higher and lower won't hurt it. Yeast dies at 60 °C. If you see an pink or orange streak on your starter, this is a sure sign it's gone bad, discard and start over.</p><p><b>Smaller starter?</b> Because I don't bake often and that I don't want too much discard, I keep a very small batch of sourdough: 20g (4 tsp) water to 20g (2 tbsp) flour. The only downside is that it takes a lot longer to build enough starter to bake with.</p></div><dl class='ingredients'><h3>starter</h3><dt><a href='whole_wheat_flour.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/whole_wheat_flour.png'/><b>whole wheat flour</b></a><u>28 g</u></dt><dt><a href='water.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/water.png'/><b>water</b></a><u>60 ml</u></dt></dl><ul class='instructions'><li>Day 1. Come morning, mix <i>28 g (~1/4 cup)</i> of <a href='whole_wheat_flour.html'>whole wheat flour</a> with <i>60 ml (1/4 cup)</i> of <a href='water.html'>filtered water</a> in a jar. Stir well, and cover with a loosely-fitted lid. Allow to rest for 12 hours, then stir in the same quantities of flour and water.</li><li>Day 2-3. Continue to feed starter in mornings and evenings. By day 3, bubbles will have formed and the starter will give off a sour smell.</li><li>Day 4-6. Continue to feed morning and evenings. Start discarding all but <i>113 g (~1/2 cup)</i> of the starter. Only discard before you feed it, not after. Why discard? Read the <a href='#discard'>notes</a> in the description above. More bubbles will appear, and the starter will start to grow in volume between feedings.</li><li>Day 7-9. The starter will be very airy, especially a few hours after a feed. Continue to feed twice a day.</li><li>Day 10. Feed once per day if kept at room temperature. It's now possible to start using the starter to make sourdough recipes. Good luck with your starter, and be sure to give it a name! Ours is called Teki, after a tern in Miyazaki's Future Boy Conan.</li></ul></main><footer><a href='about.html'>Grimgrains</a> © 2014—2024 <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/' target='_blank'> BY-NC-SA-4.0</a><br><a href='http://100r.co/' target='_blank'>Hundred Rabbits</a></footer></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/recipes.c b/src/recipes.c
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ add_part(&chickpea_salad_sandwich, &chickpea_salad_sandwich_chickpea_salad);
Recipe chocolate_chip_cookies = create_recipe("chocolate chip cookies", basic, "12 cookies", 20191206, 20);
set_description(&chocolate_chip_cookies, "<p>We've been making chocolate chips cookies for a while, but never thought it worthy of a recipe because there are so many online already. In the interest of posting absolute basic recipes though, we felt it deserved to be written down, especially because cookie chemistry is difficult. Slight differences in moisture content, altitude, fat content and sugar content can alter the look and texture of a cookie. There are reasons for the quantities and choice of each ingredient, all interact with each other to give cookies their sweet and soft texture.</p><p>This recipe is a good base. Substitutions are possible, but changing ingredients—depending on the ingredient—can mess up your recipe. In our suggestions we give examples of good substitutions, and how to modify the recipe to get a good result.<b class='head'>Substitutions</b> <b>Flour:</b> If you choose to use spelt flour, a more nutritious alternative, add 5 ml (5 ml) of baking powder to help it rise.</p><p><b>Fat:</b> The fat in cookies is a big part of their structure. We've added vegan butter(or margarine) as it behaves like actual butter, it helps create baked goods that are more tender by shortening gluten strands. When fat coats flour, it slows down the process of gluten formation creating a more tender product <a href='https://bakerbettie.com/function-of-butter-in-baking/#The_Function_of_Butter_in_Baking'>ref</a>. To make your own vegan butter, look for the recipe in <b>The Homemade Vegan Pantry by Miyoko Schinner</b>.</p><p><b>Sugar:</b> Sugar is important in cookies, it helps with the flavor, color and texture. The oven temperature causes the sugar to react with the proteins, this is what gives baked goods their brown color. Natural brown sugar is important in this recipe, as it adds moisture to the dough. If you use 100% granulated white sugar the cookie won't spread as well, not unless you add more moisture.</p><p><b>Add-ins:</b> If you have a sensitivity to caffeine use <a href='carob_chips.html'>carob chips</a> instead of chocolate chips. Switching to carob won't affect the cookies. <b class='head'>Troubleshooting</b>\"I followed the recipe, but my cookies don't look the same as yours!\" The quirkiness of different ovens makes it difficult to give accurate cooking times. Having a thermometer in your oven is the best way to read the temperature accurately.</p><p><b>Help! Cookie spreading too much!</b> If your cookie is spreading too much, you may have added too much sugar. Sugar is hygroscopic, it absorbs liquid but once it bakes it releases that and if there's too much, then it keeps spreading. Oven temperature is another factor. The hotter the oven, the more quickly the fat melts before the cookies have time to set. Depending on your oven, you may need to bake cookies longer but at a lower temperature.</p><p><b>Help! Cookie not spreading!</b> One of the most common reasons why cookies don't spread is because there's too much flour in the dough. Try using less, and consider increasing the commercial brown sugar by a few tablespoons. This will add slightly more moisture and help the cookies spread. Be sure you're also using room temperature ingredients, especially butter, to promote the best spread and texture.</p><p>Read more about <a href='https://www.kingarthurflour.com/blog/2016/03/14/cookie-chemistry-2'>cookie chemistry</a>. Recipe inspired from <a href='https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/chocolate-chip-cookies-recipe'>this one</a>.</p>");
RecipePart cookie_mix = create_part("cookie mix");
-add_instruction(&cookie_mix, "Measure <i>113 g (1/2 cup)</i> of <a href='vegan_butter.html'>vegan butter</a>. It should be slightly cooler than room temp.");
+add_instruction(&cookie_mix, "Measure <i>92 g (1/2 cup)</i> of <a href='vegan_butter.html'>vegan butter</a>. It should be slightly cooler than room temp.");
add_instruction(&cookie_mix, "Heat oven to <u>190 °C (375 °F)</u>.");
add_instruction(&cookie_mix, "In a small bowl, mix <i>7 g (1 tbsp)</i> of <a href='flax_seeds'>ground flax seeds</a> with <i>45 ml (3 tbsp)</i> of <a href='water'>water</a>. This is your flax 'egg', let it thicken for <u>5 minutes</u>.");
add_instruction(&cookie_mix, "Mix <i>120 g (1 cup)</i> of <a href='all_purpose_flour'>all purpose flour</a> with <i>2.5 g (1/2 tsp)</i> of <a href='baking_soda'>baking soda</a> and <i>1.25 g (1/4 tsp)</i> of <a href='salt.html'>salt</a>.");
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ add_serving(&cookie_mix, &baking_soda, "2.5 g");
add_serving(&cookie_mix, &salt, "1.25 g");
add_serving(&cookie_mix, &granulated_sugar, "75 g");
add_serving(&cookie_mix, &natural_brown_sugar, "92 g");
-add_serving(&cookie_mix, &vegan_butter, "113 g");
+add_serving(&cookie_mix, &vegan_butter, "92 g");
add_serving(&cookie_mix, &soy_milk, "45 ml");
add_serving(&cookie_mix, &apple_cider_vinegar, "2.5 ml");
add_serving(&cookie_mix, &flax_seeds, "7 g, ground");
@@ -1420,13 +1420,13 @@ add_part(&soy_flour_tofu, &soy_flour_tofu_main);
// sourdough starter
Recipe sourdough_starter = create_recipe("sourdough starter", basic, "1 serving", 20200416, 15);
-set_description(&sourdough_starter, "<p>Sourdough bread has been arounds for a long time. People are still making it today, even with the existence of baker's yeast.</p><p>The fermentation required to prepare it improves the flavor of the dough, and makes it easier for the body to absorb the <a href='nutrition.html#zinc'>dietary minerals</a> present in the grains.</p><p>Making sourdough bread begins with a sourdough starter. The starter is a fermenting mixture of flour and water containing microorganisms which include wild yeast and lactobacilli. The yeast produces carbon dioxide which leavens the dough, and the lactobacilli produce lactic acid which contribute flavor. The process is simple, it requires more waiting than active cooking time. We've made a summary of common questions and concerns when it comes to making a starter.</p><p><b><a id='discard'>WHY DISCARD?</a></b></p><p>Discarding starter is necessary as it quickly builds up in a jar and becomes difficult to manage. The discard works well in a variety of baked goods.</p><p><b>ADAPTING YEAST RECIPES</b></p><p>There are some key aspects to converting yeast recipes to sourdough, like hydration level and yeast. <a href='https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/sourdough/hydration-sourdough-starter/' target='_blank'>Hydration level</a> is the ratio of water to flour in a starter. You can maintain or adjust the hydration level with each feeding based on the ratio of water to flour you feed your starter. Aiming for 100% hydration, or equal weights of flour and water, is recommended.</p><p>To calculate how much added yeast is necessary, first you have to know that the rising power of 7 g of yeast (1 packet) is roughly equivalent to 226 g (1 cup) of sourdough starter.</p><p>With this information it's easy to approximate the amount of added water, flour and yeast in a recipe.</p><p><b>FEEDINGS</b></p><p>The starter needs feedings at <b>12 h intervals daily</b> in the first week, and <b>once a day afterwards</b>. As long as this starter culture is fed flour and water regularly it will remain active.</p><p><b>I forgot to feed my starter!</b> Forgetting to feed the starter isn't a big deal, feed it as soon as you remember. Feedings of longer than three days acidify the dough and may change the microbial ecosystem.<br /><b>Did i feed my starter too much?</b> Feeding the wrong amount won't kill it, but it may make it appear too dry or too wet and may not rise as expected. You can correct the feeding by adding either more flour or water, it will right itself.<br /><b>What's the liquid on top of my starter?</b> This liquid is the alcohol given off as the wild yeast ferments. This doesn't mean it's going bad, it indicates that your starter is hungry.</p><p><b>FLOUR</b></p><p>Using wholemeal instead of processed flour for your starter is a good idea because it provides a variety of organisms and minerals.</p><p><b>FILTERED WATER</b></p><p>Using filtered (carbon filter) or distilled water instead of plain tap ensures good fermentation, as sourdough relies on microorganisms that chlorine inhibits. Leaving tap water uncovered for 24 h will allow the chlorine to dissipate.</p><p><b>Can my starter go bad?</b> Starters require more attention on the initial 6-10 days it takes to create a healthy mature starter. It hasn't yet developed defenses that characterize a mature starter. Mature starter cultures are stable because of their pH level and the presence of antibacterial agents, this helps prevent colonization by unwanted yeasts and bacteria. Sourdough breads keep fresh longer than regular bread for this reason too. The ideal temperature for starters is 21 °C, but a bit higher and lower won't hurt it. Yeast dies at 60 °C. If you see an pink or orange streak on your starter, this is a sure sign it's gone bad, discard and start over.</p><p>Good luck with your starter, and be sure to give it a name! Ours is called Teki, after a tern in Miyazaki's Future Boy Conan.</p>");
+set_description(&sourdough_starter, "<p>Sourdough bread has been arounds for a long time. People are still making it today, even with the existence of baker's yeast.</p><p>The fermentation required to prepare it improves the flavor of the dough, and makes it easier for the body to absorb the <a href='nutrition.html#zinc'>dietary minerals</a> present in the grains.</p><p>Making sourdough bread begins with a sourdough starter. The starter is a fermenting mixture of flour and water containing microorganisms which include wild yeast and lactobacilli. The yeast produces carbon dioxide which leavens the dough, and the lactobacilli produce lactic acid which contribute flavor. The process is simple, it requires more waiting than active cooking time. We've made a summary of common questions and concerns when it comes to making a starter.</p><p><b><a id='discard'>WHY DISCARD?</a></b></p><p>Discarding starter is necessary as it quickly builds up in a jar and becomes difficult to manage. The discard works well in a variety of baked goods.</p><p><b>ADAPTING YEAST RECIPES</b></p><p>There are some key aspects to converting yeast recipes to sourdough, like hydration level and yeast. <a href='https://www.culturesforhealth.com/learn/sourdough/hydration-sourdough-starter/' target='_blank'>Hydration level</a> is the ratio of water to flour in a starter. You can maintain or adjust the hydration level with each feeding based on the ratio of water to flour you feed your starter. Aiming for 100% hydration, or equal weights of flour and water, is recommended.</p><p>To calculate how much added yeast is necessary, first you have to know that the rising power of 7 g of yeast (1 packet) is roughly equivalent to 226 g (1 cup) of sourdough starter.</p><p>With this information it's easy to approximate the amount of added water, flour and yeast in a recipe.</p><p><b>FEEDINGS</b></p><p>The starter needs feedings at <b>12 h intervals daily</b> in the first week, and <b>once a day afterwards</b>. As long as this starter culture is fed flour and water regularly it will remain active.</p><p><b>I forgot to feed my starter!</b> Forgetting to feed the starter isn't a big deal, feed it as soon as you remember. Feedings of longer than three days acidify the dough and may change the microbial ecosystem.<br /><b>Did i feed my starter too much?</b> Feeding the wrong amount won't kill it, but it may make it appear too dry or too wet and may not rise as expected. You can correct the feeding by adding either more flour or water, it will right itself.<br /><b>Liquid on top of my starter?</b> This liquid is the alcohol given off as the wild yeast ferments. This doesn't mean it's going bad, it indicates that your starter is hungry.</p><p><b>FLOUR</b></p><p>Using wholemeal instead of processed flour for your starter is a good idea because it provides a variety of organisms and minerals.</p><p><b>FILTERED WATER</b></p><p>Using filtered (carbon filter) or distilled water instead of plain tap ensures good fermentation, as sourdough relies on microorganisms that chlorine inhibits. Leaving tap water uncovered for 24 h will allow the chlorine to dissipate.</p><p><b>Can my starter go bad?</b> Starters require more attention on the initial 6-10 days it takes to create a healthy mature starter. It hasn't yet developed defenses that characterize a mature starter. Mature starter cultures are stable because of their pH level and the presence of antibacterial agents, this helps prevent colonization by unwanted yeasts and bacteria. Sourdough breads keep fresh longer than regular bread for this reason too. The ideal temperature for starters is 21 °C, but a bit higher and lower won't hurt it. Yeast dies at 60 °C. If you see an pink or orange streak on your starter, this is a sure sign it's gone bad, discard and start over.</p><p><b>Smaller starter?</b> Because I don't bake often and that I don't want too much discard, I keep a very small batch of sourdough: 20g (4 tsp) water to 20g (2 tbsp) flour. The only downside is that it takes a lot longer to build enough starter to bake with.</p>");
RecipePart sourdough_starter_starter = create_part("starter");
add_instruction(&sourdough_starter_starter, "Day 1. Come morning, mix <i>28 g (~1/4 cup)</i> of <a href='whole_wheat_flour.html'>whole wheat flour</a> with <i>60 ml (1/4 cup)</i> of <a href='water.html'>filtered water</a> in a jar. Stir well, and cover with a loosely-fitted lid. Allow to rest for 12 hours, then stir in the same quantities of flour and water.");
add_instruction(&sourdough_starter_starter, "Day 2-3. Continue to feed starter in mornings and evenings. By day 3, bubbles will have formed and the starter will give off a sour smell.");
add_instruction(&sourdough_starter_starter, "Day 4-6. Continue to feed morning and evenings. Start discarding all but <i>113 g (~1/2 cup)</i> of the starter. Only discard before you feed it, not after. Why discard? Read the <a href='#discard'>notes</a> in the description above. More bubbles will appear, and the starter will start to grow in volume between feedings.");
add_instruction(&sourdough_starter_starter, "Day 7-9. The starter will be very airy, especially a few hours after a feed. Continue to feed twice a day.");
-add_instruction(&sourdough_starter_starter, "Day 10. Feed once per day if kept at room temperature. It's now possible to start using the starter to make sourdough recipes.");
+add_instruction(&sourdough_starter_starter, "Day 10. Feed once per day if kept at room temperature. It's now possible to start using the starter to make sourdough recipes. Good luck with your starter, and be sure to give it a name! Ours is called Teki, after a tern in Miyazaki's Future Boy Conan.");
add_serving(&sourdough_starter_starter, &whole_wheat_flour, "28 g");
add_serving(&sourdough_starter_starter, &water, "60 ml");
add_part(&sourdough_starter, &sourdough_starter_starter);
