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Grimgrains

[mirror] Plant-based cooking website <https://grimgrains.com/> 
commit: e50aee43dbb09d3864de15708bae78564a21dabc
parent 03d8f103178962a12ff699b4a02458fab370f271
Author: rekkabell <rekkabell@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon, 25 Dec 2023 21:24:10 -0800

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-<!DOCTYPE html><html lang='en'><head><meta charset='utf-8'><meta name='description' content='Grim Grains is an illustrated food blog, it features plant-based (vegan) recipes.'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'><meta name='twitter:card' content='summary'><meta name='twitter:site' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta name='twitter:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta name='twitter:creator' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='og:url' content='http://grimgrains.com/'><meta property='og:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta property='og:site_name' content='Grimgrains'><link rel='icon' type='image/x-icon' href='../media/services/favicon.ico'><link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='../media/services/icon.jpg'><link rel='apple-touch-icon' href='../media/services/apple-touch-icon.png' /><title>GrimGrains — Home</title><link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS Feed' href='../links/rss.xml' /><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='../links/main.css'></head><body class='home'><header><a id='logo' href='home.html'><img src='../media/interface/logo.png' alt='Grimgrains'></a></header><nav><ul><li class='home'><a href='home.html'>Home</a></li><li class='about'><a href='about.html'>About</a></li><li class='tools'><a href='tools.html'>Tools</a></li><li class='nutrition'><a href='nutrition.html'>Nutrition</a></li><li class='sprouting'><a href='sprouting.html'>Sprouting</a></li><li class='lactofermentation'><a href='lactofermentation.html'>Lacto-fermentation</a></li><li class='right'><a href='https://grimgrains.com/links/rss.xml'>RSS feed</a> | <a href='https://merveilles.town/@rek' target='_blank'>Mastodon</a></li></ul></nav><main class='home'><dl class='ingredients'><dt><a href='cardamom.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/cardamom.png' loading='lazy'/><b>cardamom</b></a></dt><dt><a href='chickpea_flour.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/chickpea_flour.png' loading='lazy'/><b>chickpea flour</b></a></dt><dt><a href='arugula.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/arugula.png' loading='lazy'/><b>arugula</b></a></dt><dt><a href='mushroom.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/mushroom.png' loading='lazy'/><b>mushroom</b></a></dt><dt><a href='bok_choy.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/bok_choy.png' loading='lazy'/><b>bok choy</b></a></dt><dt><a href='red_beets.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/red_beets.png' loading='lazy'/><b>red beets</b></a></dt><dt><a href='garlic.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/garlic.png' loading='lazy'/><b>garlic</b></a></dt><dt><a href='pumpkin.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/pumpkin.png' loading='lazy'/><b>pumpkin</b></a></dt><dt><a href='apple.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/apple.png' loading='lazy'/><b>apple</b></a></dt><dt><a href='pears.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/pears.png' loading='lazy'/><b>pears</b></a></dt><dt><a href='ao_nori.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/ao_nori.png' loading='lazy'/><b>ao nori</b></a></dt><dt><a href='turmeric_root.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/turmeric_root.png' loading='lazy'/><b>turmeric root</b></a></dt><dt><a href='basil.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/basil.png' loading='lazy'/><b>basil</b></a></dt><dt><a href='nutritional_yeast.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/nutritional_yeast.png' loading='lazy'/><b>nutritional yeast</b></a></dt><dt><a href='buckwheat_groats.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/buckwheat_groats.png' loading='lazy'/><b>buckwheat groats</b></a></dt><dt><a href='beni_shouga.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/beni_shouga.png' loading='lazy'/><b>beni shouga</b></a></dt><dt><a href='sriracha.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/sriracha.png' loading='lazy'/><b>sriracha</b></a></dt><dt><a href='jalapeno_peppers.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/jalapeno_peppers.png' loading='lazy'/><b>jalapeno peppers</b></a></dt></dl><h2 id='recipes'>74 Recipes</h2><ul class='recipes col3'><h3>main</h3><li><a href='millet_dumplings.html'>Millet dumplings</a></li><li><a href='arame_soba.html'>arame soba</a></li><li><a href='bean_chili.html'>bean chili</a></li><li><a href='beet_sauce_pasta.html'>beet sauce pasta</a></li><li><a href='buckwheat_dumplings.html'>buckwheat dumplings</a></li><li><a href='carrot_kinpira_onigirazu.html'>carrot kinpira onigirazu</a></li><li><a href='corn_pone.html'>corn pone</a></li><li><a href='cheese_and_spinach_ravioli.html'>cheese and spinach ravioli</a></li><li><a href='chickpea_salad_sandwich.html'>chickpea salad sandwich</a></li><li><a href='fresh_pesto_pasta.html'>fresh pesto pasta</a></li><li><a href='quick_grilled_cheese.html'>quick grilled cheese</a></li><li><a href='lentils_with_roasted_beet_sauce.html'>lentils with roasted beet sauce</a></li><li><a href='red_lentil_stew.html'>red lentil stew</a></li><li><a href='mac_and_faux_cheese.html'>mac and faux cheese</a></li><li><a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a></li><li><a href='shepherds_pie.html'>shepherds pie</a></li><li><a href='roasted_carrots_with_beluga_lentils.html'>roasted carrots with beluga lentils</a></li><li><a href='sweet_mock_eel_nigiri.html'>sweet mock eel nigiri</a></li><li><a href='spicy_stirfry_chickpeas.html'>spicy stirfry chickpeas</a></li><li><a href='sweet_and_sour_lentils.html'>sweet and sour lentils</a></li><h3>sidedish</h3><li><a href='breaded_chickpea_tofu_fingers.html'>breaded chickpea tofu fingers</a></li><li><a href='basic_black_bread.html'>basic black bread</a></li><li><a href='beer_bread.html'>beer bread</a></li><li><a href='buckwheat_tea.html'>buckwheat tea</a></li><li><a href='corn_dumplings.html'>corn dumplings</a></li><li><a href='gyoza_wrappers.html'>gyoza wrappers</a></li><li><a href='soybean_hummus_with_jalapenos.html'>soybean hummus with jalapenos</a></li><li><a href='houjicha_overnight_oatmeal.html'>houjicha overnight oatmeal</a></li><li><a href='roasted_eggplant_dip.html'>roasted eggplant dip</a></li><li><a href='scrambled_chickpea_flour.html'>scrambled chickpea flour</a></li><li><a href='sourdough_spelt_flatbread.html'>sourdough spelt flatbread</a></li><li><a href='vege_pate.html'>vege pate</a></li><li><a href='uzumaki_hummus_bites.html'>uzumaki hummus bites</a></li><h3>sweet</h3><li><a href='anise_bread_with_sweet_pear_sauce.html'>anise bread with sweet pear sauce</a></li><li><a href='balsamic_banana_ice_cream.html'>balsamic banana ice cream</a></li><li><a href='black_sesame_brittle.html'>black sesame brittle</a></li><li><a href='chunky_apple_jam.html'>chunky apple jam</a></li><li><a href='coffee_jelly.html'>coffee jelly</a></li><li><a href='golden_bread.html'>golden bread</a></li><li><a href='hop_ice_cream.html'>hop ice cream</a></li><li><a href='halloween_pumpkin_cookies.html'>halloween pumpkin cookies</a></li><li><a href='mason_jar_bread_pudding.html'>mason jar bread pudding</a></li><li><a href='raisin_beet_bread.html'>raisin beet bread</a></li><li><a href='spicy_brownies_with_pomegranate_syrup.html'>spicy brownies with pomegranate syrup</a></li><li><a href='stovetop_blackberry_cake.html'>stovetop blackberry cake</a></li><li><a href='stovetop_choco_oat_cookies.html'>stovetop choco oat cookies</a></li><li><a href='spinach_oatmeal_cookies.html'>spinach oatmeal cookies</a></li><li><a href='vegemite_caramel.html'>vegemite caramel</a></li><li><a href='wasabi_swirl_chocolate_cookies.html'>wasabi swirl chocolate cookies</a></li><h3>toppings</h3><li><a href='black_sesame_syrup.html'>black sesame syrup</a></li><li><a href='veganaise.html'>veganaise</a></li><li><a href='quick_sunflower_seed_parmesan.html'>quick sunflower seed parmesan</a></li><li><a href='roasted_pumpkin_seeds.html'>roasted pumpkin seeds</a></li><li><a href='cheesy_sunflower_seed_sauce.html'>cheesy sunflower seed sauce</a></li><li><a href='tzatziki.html'>tzatziki</a></li><h3>snack</h3><li><a href='shichimi_togarashi_crackers.html'>shichimi togarashi crackers</a></li><li><a href='wakame_bites.html'>wakame bites</a></li><h3>basic</h3><li><a href='brownies.html'>brownies</a></li><li><a href='quick_cheese.html'>quick cheese</a></li><li><a href='chocolate_chip_cookies.html'>chocolate chip cookies</a></li><li><a href='crackers.html'>crackers</a></li><li><a href='mustard_from_seed.html'>mustard from seed</a></li><li><a href='no_knead_bread.html'>no knead bread</a></li><li><a href='quick_flat_bread.html'>quick flat bread</a></li><li><a href='soy_flour_tofu.html'>Soy flour tofu</a></li><li><a href='sourdough_starter.html'>sourdough starter</a></li><li><a href='seitan.html'>seitan</a></li><li><a href='stovetop_popcorn.html'>stovetop popcorn</a></li><h3>tropical</h3><li><a href='breadfruit_gnocchi.html'>breadfruit gnocchi</a></li><li><a href='breadfruit_pasta.html'>breadfruit pasta</a></li><li><a href='pandanus_fruit_bread.html'>pandanus fruit bread</a></li><li><a href='pan_fried_breadfruit.html'>pan fried breadfruit</a></li><li><a href='papaya_bruschetta_topping.html'>papaya bruschetta topping</a></li><h3>lifestyle</h3><li><a href='basic_toothpaste.html'>basic toothpaste</a></li></ul></main><footer><a href='about.html'>Grimgrains</a> © 2014—2023 <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/' target='_blank'> BY-NC-SA-4.0</a><br><a href='http://100r.co/' target='_blank'>Hundred Rabbits</a></footer></body></html>
-\ No newline at end of file
+<!DOCTYPE html><html lang='en'><head><meta charset='utf-8'><meta name='description' content='Grim Grains is an illustrated food blog, it features plant-based (vegan) recipes.'><meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0'><meta name='twitter:card' content='summary'><meta name='twitter:site' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta name='twitter:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta name='twitter:creator' content='@hundredrabbits'><meta name='twitter:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:title' content='Grimgrains'><meta property='og:type' content='article'><meta property='og:url' content='http://grimgrains.com/'><meta property='og:image' content='https://grimgrains.com/media/services/icon.jpg'><meta property='og:description' content='An illustrated food blog.'><meta property='og:site_name' content='Grimgrains'><link rel='icon' type='image/x-icon' href='../media/services/favicon.ico'><link rel='icon' type='image/png' href='../media/services/icon.jpg'><link rel='apple-touch-icon' href='../media/services/apple-touch-icon.png' /><title>GrimGrains — Home</title><link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS Feed' href='../links/rss.xml' /><link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='../links/main.css'></head><body class='home'><header><a id='logo' href='home.html'><img src='../media/interface/logo.png' alt='Grimgrains'></a></header><nav><ul><li class='home'><a href='home.html'>Home</a></li><li class='about'><a href='about.html'>About</a></li><li class='tools'><a href='tools.html'>Tools</a></li><li class='nutrition'><a href='nutrition.html'>Nutrition</a></li><li class='sprouting'><a href='sprouting.html'>Sprouting</a></li><li class='lactofermentation'><a href='lactofermentation.html'>Lacto-fermentation</a></li><li class='right'><a href='https://grimgrains.com/links/rss.xml'>RSS feed</a> | <a href='https://merveilles.town/@rek' target='_blank'>Mastodon</a></li></ul></nav><main class='home'><dl class='ingredients'><dt><a href='peanuts.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/peanuts.png' loading='lazy'/><b>peanuts</b></a></dt><dt><a href='green_cabbage.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/green_cabbage.png' loading='lazy'/><b>green cabbage</b></a></dt><dt><a href='kale.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/kale.png' loading='lazy'/><b>kale</b></a></dt><dt><a href='arame.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/arame.png' loading='lazy'/><b>arame</b></a></dt><dt><a href='nagaimo.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/nagaimo.png' loading='lazy'/><b>nagaimo</b></a></dt><dt><a href='bok_choy.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/bok_choy.png' loading='lazy'/><b>bok choy</b></a></dt><dt><a href='red_beets.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/red_beets.png' loading='lazy'/><b>red beets</b></a></dt><dt><a href='red_onion.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/red_onion.png' loading='lazy'/><b>red onion</b></a></dt><dt><a href='pandanus_fruit.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/pandanus_fruit.png' loading='lazy'/><b>pandanus fruit</b></a></dt><dt><a href='lemon.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/lemon.png' loading='lazy'/><b>lemon</b></a></dt><dt><a href='pomegranate.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/pomegranate.png' loading='lazy'/><b>pomegranate</b></a></dt><dt><a href='sichuan_peppercorns.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/sichuan_peppercorns.png' loading='lazy'/><b>sichuan peppercorns</b></a></dt><dt><a href='chili_peppers.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/chili_peppers.png' loading='lazy'/><b>chili peppers</b></a></dt><dt><a href='hops.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/hops.png' loading='lazy'/><b>hops</b></a></dt><dt><a href='buckwheat_groats.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/buckwheat_groats.png' loading='lazy'/><b>buckwheat groats</b></a></dt><dt><a href='cornmeal.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/cornmeal.png' loading='lazy'/><b>cornmeal</b></a></dt><dt><a href='miso.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/miso.png' loading='lazy'/><b>miso</b></a></dt><dt><a href='mirin.html'><img src='../media/ingredients/mirin.png' loading='lazy'/><b>mirin</b></a></dt></dl><h2 id='recipes'>74 Recipes</h2><ul class='recipes col3'><h3>main</h3><li><a href='millet_dumplings.html'>Millet dumplings</a></li><li><a href='arame_soba.html'>arame soba</a></li><li><a href='bean_chili.html'>bean chili</a></li><li><a href='beet_sauce_pasta.html'>beet sauce pasta</a></li><li><a href='buckwheat_dumplings.html'>buckwheat dumplings</a></li><li><a href='carrot_kinpira_onigirazu.html'>carrot kinpira onigirazu</a></li><li><a href='corn_pone.html'>corn pone</a></li><li><a href='cheese_and_spinach_ravioli.html'>cheese and spinach ravioli</a></li><li><a href='chickpea_salad_sandwich.html'>chickpea salad sandwich</a></li><li><a href='fresh_pesto_pasta.html'>fresh pesto pasta</a></li><li><a href='quick_grilled_cheese.html'>quick grilled cheese</a></li><li><a href='lentils_with_roasted_beet_sauce.html'>lentils with roasted beet sauce</a></li><li><a href='red_lentil_stew.html'>red lentil stew</a></li><li><a href='mac_and_faux_cheese.html'>mac and faux cheese</a></li><li><a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a></li><li><a href='shepherds_pie.html'>shepherds pie</a></li><li><a href='roasted_carrots_with_beluga_lentils.html'>roasted carrots with beluga lentils</a></li><li><a href='sweet_mock_eel_nigiri.html'>sweet mock eel nigiri</a></li><li><a href='spicy_stirfry_chickpeas.html'>spicy stirfry chickpeas</a></li><li><a href='sweet_and_sour_lentils.html'>sweet and sour lentils</a></li><h3>sidedish</h3><li><a href='breaded_chickpea_tofu_fingers.html'>breaded chickpea tofu fingers</a></li><li><a href='basic_black_bread.html'>basic black bread</a></li><li><a href='beer_bread.html'>beer bread</a></li><li><a href='buckwheat_tea.html'>buckwheat tea</a></li><li><a href='corn_dumplings.html'>corn dumplings</a></li><li><a href='gyoza_wrappers.html'>gyoza wrappers</a></li><li><a href='soybean_hummus_with_jalapenos.html'>soybean hummus with jalapenos</a></li><li><a href='houjicha_overnight_oatmeal.html'>houjicha overnight oatmeal</a></li><li><a href='roasted_eggplant_dip.html'>roasted eggplant dip</a></li><li><a href='scrambled_chickpea_flour.html'>scrambled chickpea flour</a></li><li><a href='sourdough_spelt_flatbread.html'>sourdough spelt flatbread</a></li><li><a href='vege_pate.html'>vege pate</a></li><li><a href='uzumaki_hummus_bites.html'>uzumaki hummus bites</a></li><h3>sweet</h3><li><a href='anise_bread_with_sweet_pear_sauce.html'>anise bread with sweet pear sauce</a></li><li><a href='balsamic_banana_ice_cream.html'>balsamic banana ice cream</a></li><li><a href='black_sesame_brittle.html'>black sesame brittle</a></li><li><a href='chunky_apple_jam.html'>chunky apple jam</a></li><li><a href='coffee_jelly.html'>coffee jelly</a></li><li><a href='golden_bread.html'>golden bread</a></li><li><a href='hop_ice_cream.html'>hop ice cream</a></li><li><a href='halloween_pumpkin_cookies.html'>halloween pumpkin cookies</a></li><li><a href='mason_jar_bread_pudding.html'>mason jar bread pudding</a></li><li><a href='raisin_beet_bread.html'>raisin beet bread</a></li><li><a href='spicy_brownies_with_pomegranate_syrup.html'>spicy brownies with pomegranate syrup</a></li><li><a href='stovetop_blackberry_cake.html'>stovetop blackberry cake</a></li><li><a href='stovetop_choco_oat_cookies.html'>stovetop choco oat cookies</a></li><li><a href='spinach_oatmeal_cookies.html'>spinach oatmeal cookies</a></li><li><a href='vegemite_caramel.html'>vegemite caramel</a></li><li><a href='wasabi_swirl_chocolate_cookies.html'>wasabi swirl chocolate cookies</a></li><h3>toppings</h3><li><a href='black_sesame_syrup.html'>black sesame syrup</a></li><li><a href='veganaise.html'>veganaise</a></li><li><a href='quick_sunflower_seed_parmesan.html'>quick sunflower seed parmesan</a></li><li><a href='roasted_pumpkin_seeds.html'>roasted pumpkin seeds</a></li><li><a href='cheesy_sunflower_seed_sauce.html'>cheesy sunflower seed sauce</a></li><li><a href='tzatziki.html'>tzatziki</a></li><h3>snack</h3><li><a href='shichimi_togarashi_crackers.html'>shichimi togarashi crackers</a></li><li><a href='wakame_bites.html'>wakame bites</a></li><h3>basic</h3><li><a href='brownies.html'>brownies</a></li><li><a href='quick_cheese.html'>quick cheese</a></li><li><a href='chocolate_chip_cookies.html'>chocolate chip cookies</a></li><li><a href='crackers.html'>crackers</a></li><li><a href='mustard_from_seed.html'>mustard from seed</a></li><li><a href='no_knead_bread.html'>no knead bread</a></li><li><a href='quick_flat_bread.html'>quick flat bread</a></li><li><a href='soy_flour_tofu.html'>Soy flour tofu</a></li><li><a href='sourdough_starter.html'>sourdough starter</a></li><li><a href='seitan.html'>seitan</a></li><li><a href='stovetop_popcorn.html'>stovetop popcorn</a></li><h3>tropical</h3><li><a href='breadfruit_gnocchi.html'>breadfruit gnocchi</a></li><li><a href='breadfruit_pasta.html'>breadfruit pasta</a></li><li><a href='pandanus_fruit_bread.html'>pandanus fruit bread</a></li><li><a href='pan_fried_breadfruit.html'>pan fried breadfruit</a></li><li><a href='papaya_bruschetta_topping.html'>papaya bruschetta topping</a></li><h3>lifestyle</h3><li><a href='basic_toothpaste.html'>basic toothpaste</a></li></ul></main><footer><a href='about.html'>Grimgrains</a> © 2014—2023 <a href='https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/' target='_blank'> BY-NC-SA-4.0</a><br><a href='http://100r.co/' target='_blank'>Hundred Rabbits</a></footer></body></html>
+\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/ingredients.c b/src/ingredients.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Ingredient shelled_hemp_seeds = create_ingredient("shelled hemp seeds", "<p>Hemp
 
 Ingredient tempeh = create_ingredient("tempeh", "<p>Tempeh is a soy product, made from fermented <a href='soy_beans.html'>soy beans</a>. It's a source of <b>protein</b>, <b>Omega-3's</b> and <b>zinc</b>, and has a firm texture and earthy flavor.</p><p>Tempeh is made by controlled fermentation, the fungus <b>Rhizopus Oligosporus</b> (used as a starter) binds soybeans into a tight 'paddy'. Because it's a fermented food, eating tempeh increases <a href='nutrition.html#iron'>iron absorption</a> in foods.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient peanuts = create_ingredient("peanuts", "<p>A crop grown mainly for its edible seeds! Peanuts are similar in taste and nutritional profile to tree nuts, and can be made into <a href='peanut_butter.html'>peanut butter</a>. Peanuts are are rich source of <a href='nutrition.html'>protein</a>, 1/4 cup of peanuts equals one serving of the 3-4 servings of protein required for good health.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient peanuts = create_ingredient("peanuts", "<p>A crop grown mainly for its edible seeds! Peanuts are similar in taste and nutritional profile to tree nuts, and can be made into <a href='peanut_butter.html'>peanut butter</a>. Peanuts are are rich source of <a href='nutrition.html'>protein</a>, 1/4 cup of peanuts equals one serving of the 3-4 servings of protein required for good health.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient peanut_butter = create_child_ingredient(&peanuts, "peanut butter", "<p>A spread made from dry-roasted <a href='peanuts.html'>peanuts</a>, kinds without added sugar or oils are preferable. Peanut butter is a rich source of <a href='nutrition.html'>protein</a>.</p><p>The flavor of peanut butter combines well with other flavors, such as oatmeal, savory sauces, and various types of breads and crackers.</p><p>It's possible to make your own peanut butter, all you need is raw shelled peanuts and a food processor/blender. First, you should roast the peanuts at 350F for 10 minutes, then transfer them to a food processor with some salt and blend, you'll need to stop often to scrape the sides and bottom. After a few minutes, it'll get smoother as you go. Add the salt near the end. For a smoother peanut butter, you can add peanut oil.</p><p>Weight: 1/2 cup | 4 3/4 oz | 135 g</p>", 0);
 
@@ -29,17 +29,17 @@ Ingredient chickpeas = create_ingredient("chickpeas", "<p>Chickpeas are the earl
 
 Ingredient aquafaba = create_child_ingredient(&chickpeas, "aquafaba", "<p>Aquafaba, which means 'water' and 'beans', a term coined by <a href='http://www.vegancookery.net/p/aquafaba.html' target='_blank'>Goose Wohlt</a>. This vicous cooking liquid is used in cooking to mimic the properties of eggs whites. Most aquafaba is made from the cooking liquid of chickpeas. It's an ideal egg replacer because it has the ability to bind and to create lift like a proper egg. It's also used in recipes as a base for gravies</p><p><b>Whipping :</b> If whipped at high speeds using an electric mixer, it's possible to create medium peaks. Adding cream of tartar can help prevent liquid loss when whipping. For every 120 ml (8 tbsp) of aquafaba (or 4 egg whites you’re replacing) add 0.6 g (⅛ tsp) of cream of tartar. It takes about 10 minutes of whipping (medium-high) to achieve medium peaks.</p><p><b>Egg replacer :</b> 15 ml (1 tbsp) of aquafaba equals 1 egg yolk, 30 ml (2 tbsp) of aquafaba equals 1 egg white and 45 ml (3 tbsp) of aquafaba equals 1 whole egg. When using aquafaba to replace whole eggs, measure out 45 ml (3 tbsp) per egg and lightly whisk to aerate. Use just as you would eggs in your recipe. [<a href='https://www.bobsredmill.com/blog/featured-articles/a-guide-to-aquafaba/' target='_blank'>ref</a>]</p><p><b>Making aquafaba from scratch : </b> Soak 330 g (2 cups) of chickpeas for a minimum of 8 hours. Discard soaking water and rinse the beans well. Add beans to pot, cover with 1.90 L (8 cups) of water and bring to a boil. Skim foam from top, cover and reduce heat to low. Cook chickpeas for 1h to 1h30. When thoroughly cooked, turn heat off and let cool. When cool, strain beans from cooking liquid (reserve liquid). The reserved liquid is your aquafaba. If you want a more potent liquid to be used as a binder in recipes, return liquid to a pot on the stove and cook at medium heat uncovered for 30-40 minutes. Again, let liquid cool to room temperature and transfer to refrigerator or use right away. Aquafaba is lasts for 3-4 days in the refrigerator, and 3-4 months in the freezer.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient chickpea_flour = create_child_ingredient(&chickpeas, "chickpea flour", "<p>Chickpea flour — also known as <b>besan</b>, <b>Channa dal</b> or <b>gram</b> flour — is made from ground raw or roasted chickpeas. Roasted varieties has more flavor, while the raw variety is bitter. Chickpea flour has a higher <a href='nutrition.html#protein'>protein</a> content than other flours.</p><p>This type of flour has a long shelf life due to the low-moisture and low-fat content. Chickpea flour has a texture and taste that is ideal for <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>savoury pancakes</a> or <a href='scrambled_chickpeas.html'>faux-omelettes</a>.  When mixed with an equal volume of water, it can be used as an egg replacement in vegan cooking.</p><p>Chickpea flour and besan flour are both made from chickpeas, but chickpea flour is more coarse and requires more water than besan. This should be taken into account when cooking.</p><p>Weight: 1 cup | 3 oz | 85 g</p>", 1);
+Ingredient chickpea_flour = create_child_ingredient(&chickpeas, "chickpea flour", "<p>Chickpea flour — also known as <b>besan</b>, <b>Channa dal</b> or <b>gram</b> flour — is made from ground raw or roasted chickpeas. Roasted varieties has more flavor, while the raw variety is bitter. Chickpea flour has a higher <a href='nutrition.html#protein'>protein</a> content than other flours.</p><p>This type of flour has a long shelf life due to the low-moisture and low-fat content. Chickpea flour has a texture and taste that is ideal for <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>savoury pancakes</a> or <a href='scrambled_chickpeas.html'>faux-omelettes</a>.  When mixed with an equal volume of water, it can be used as an egg replacement in vegan cooking.</p><p>Chickpea flour and besan flour are both made from chickpeas, but chickpea flour is more coarse and requires more water than besan. This should be taken into account when cooking.</p><p>Weight: 1 cup | 3 oz | 85 g</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient green_peas = create_ingredient("green peas", "<p>Green peas, or <b>Pisum sativum</b>, are small round seeds contained within pods. Each pod has several peas which can be green, yellow, and sometimes purple. They are sold dried, frozen, canned and fresh. Green peas are a source of <b>vitamin A</b>, <b>vitamin C</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>zinc</b>.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient green_cabbage = create_ingredient("green cabbage", "<p>Green cabbage is a vegetable with dense-leaved heads, closely related to <a href='broccoli.html'>broccoli</a>, <a href='brussel_sprouts.html'>brussel sprouts</a> and <a href='cauliflower.html'>cauliflower</a>. Cabbage can be pickled, fermented, steamed, stewed, sauteed, braised or consumed raw. Cabbage is a source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin-c'>vitamin C</a>.</p><p>There are winter and summer cabbages, winter cabbages are more dense while summer cabbages are lighter and sweet.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient green_cabbage = create_ingredient("green cabbage", "<p>Green cabbage is a vegetable with dense-leaved heads, closely related to <a href='broccoli.html'>broccoli</a>, <a href='brussel_sprouts.html'>brussel sprouts</a> and <a href='cauliflower.html'>cauliflower</a>. Cabbage can be pickled, fermented, steamed, stewed, sauteed, braised or consumed raw. Cabbage is a source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin-c'>vitamin C</a>.</p><p>There are winter and summer cabbages, winter cabbages are more dense while summer cabbages are lighter and sweet.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient red_cabbage = create_child_ingredient(&green_cabbage, "red cabbage", "<p>Red cabbage is a good source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin-c'>vitamin C</a>. It has dark red/purple-colored leaves, although the plant changes its color according to the pH value of the soil, due to a pigment belonging to <a href='https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/botany/question439.htm'>anthocyanins</a>.<br /><br /On cooking, the red of the cabbage will turn blue, to keep the red color intact it's necessary to add vinegar or something acidic to the pot. Red cabbage keeps better than other varieties, and does not need to be converted to <a href='sauerkraut.html'>sauerkraut</a> to last the winter.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient kale = create_ingredient("kale", "<p>Kale, or leaf cabbage (Brassica oleracea), is a cruciferous vegetable that is grown for its leaves, which can be green or purple. They are classified by leaf type, ranging from curly to bumpy, flat or speared. Kale is a source of <b>protein</b>, <b>vitamin A</b>, <b>vitamin C</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>calcium</b>.</p><p> It is one of the hardiest of all brassicas, capable of withstanding winter temperatures as low as −15 °C (<a href='https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/food-science/kale'>ref</a>). Chopping it and then waiting at least 40 minutes before cooking it or mixing some <a href='mustard_seeds.html'>mustard powder</a> to cooked kale helps produce the anti-cancer nutrient, <a href='https://nutritionfacts.org/video/second-strategy-to-cooking-broccoli/'>sulforaphane</a>. Raw kale should be consumed in moderation as it contains small amounts of substances that can affect the function of thyroid gland (<a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3496161/'>ref</a>).</p>", 0);
+Ingredient kale = create_ingredient("kale", "<p>Kale, or leaf cabbage (Brassica oleracea), is a cruciferous vegetable that is grown for its leaves, which can be green or purple. They are classified by leaf type, ranging from curly to bumpy, flat or speared. Kale is a source of <b>protein</b>, <b>vitamin A</b>, <b>vitamin C</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>calcium</b>.</p><p> It is one of the hardiest of all brassicas, capable of withstanding winter temperatures as low as −15 °C (<a href='https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/food-science/kale'>ref</a>). Chopping it and then waiting at least 40 minutes before cooking it or mixing some <a href='mustard_seeds.html'>mustard powder</a> to cooked kale helps produce the anti-cancer nutrient, <a href='https://nutritionfacts.org/video/second-strategy-to-cooking-broccoli/'>sulforaphane</a>. Raw kale should be consumed in moderation as it contains small amounts of substances that can affect the function of thyroid gland (<a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3496161/'>ref</a>).</p>", 1);
 
-Ingredient arugula = create_ingredient("arugula", "<p>Arugula, or <b>rocket</b>, is a plant grown for its leaves, which are fresh, taste and bitter. Arugula is rich in <b>vitamin C</b>. Arugula is good in salads, it is used both raw and cooked, though cooking it results in a muted flavor. Add this herb onto pizza, pasta, or to sandwiches. The sharp flavor of arugular pairs well with citrus, roasted beets, olives etc (<a href='http://www.specialtyproduce.com/produce/arugula_301.php'>ref</a>). Its flowers, young seed pods and mature seeds are also edible.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient arugula = create_ingredient("arugula", "<p>Arugula, or <b>rocket</b>, is a plant grown for its leaves, which are fresh, taste and bitter. Arugula is rich in <b>vitamin C</b>. Arugula is good in salads, it is used both raw and cooked, though cooking it results in a muted flavor. Add this herb onto pizza, pasta, or to sandwiches. The sharp flavor of arugular pairs well with citrus, roasted beets, olives etc (<a href='http://www.specialtyproduce.com/produce/arugula_301.php'>ref</a>). Its flowers, young seed pods and mature seeds are also edible.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient cauliflower = create_ingredient("cauliflower", "<p>Cauliflower is one of many vegetables of the species <b>Brassica olerancea</b> in the genus <b>Brassica</b>. Typically, only the head is eaten. There are <a href='white_cauliflower.html'>white</a>, green, yellow and <a href='purple_cauliflower.html'>purple</a> varieties of cauliflower. Cauliflower is high in <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin-c'>vitamin C</a>. Eating ½ cup of cauliflower has been shown to <a href='https://www.theveganrd.com/vegan-nutrition-101/vegan-nutrition-primers/iron-a-vegan-nutrition-primer/' target='_blank'>increase iron absorption</a> from plant foods by as much as 4-6 times.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ Ingredient radish = create_ingredient("radish", "<p>The radish is an edible root
 
 Ingredient seaweed = create_ingredient("seaweed", "<p>There are 3 main groups of edible seaweed: Red algea, green algea and brown algea. Most edible seaweeds are marine algae whereas most freshwater algae are toxic. Seaweed contains high levels of <b>iodine</b> and <b>calcium</b>. It is possibly a source of <b>vitamin B12</b> (see <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4042564/' target='_blank'>ref</a>), but the amount is variable and therefore, not dependable.</p><p>Because it comes from the sea, seaweed contains sodium. It should be avoided by anyone on a sodium-restricted diet. <a href='wakame.html'>Wakame</a> has the highest sodium content, with <a href='bull_kelp_powder.html'>kelp</a> and laver having significantly less.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient arame = create_child_ingredient(&seaweed, "arame", "<p>Arame, or <b> Eisenia bicyclis</b>, is a species of kelp (brown algae), and is very popular in Japanese cuisine. It is indigenous to the temperate Pacific Ocean waters around Japan. Arame has a mild, semi-sweet flavor and a firm texture, it is often sold dried. Dried arame can be reconstituted in water before consumption (for 5 min).</p>", 0);
+Ingredient arame = create_child_ingredient(&seaweed, "arame", "<p>Arame, or <b> Eisenia bicyclis</b>, is a species of kelp (brown algae), and is very popular in Japanese cuisine. It is indigenous to the temperate Pacific Ocean waters around Japan. Arame has a mild, semi-sweet flavor and a firm texture, it is often sold dried. Dried arame can be reconstituted in water before consumption (for 5 min).</p>", 1);
 
-Ingredient mushroom = create_ingredient("mushroom", "<p>Mushrooms are the fleshy fruiting body of a fungus. They grow above ground, soil or from a food source. UV ray-treated (due to both sunlight and articial UV light tech) mushrooms are a source of <b>vitamin d2</b>. Many mushrooms are poisonous, resembling certain edible species. Gathering mushrooms in the wild is risky for the inexperienced and should only be undertaken by persons knowledgeable in mushroom identification.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient mushroom = create_ingredient("mushroom", "<p>Mushrooms are the fleshy fruiting body of a fungus. They grow above ground, soil or from a food source. UV ray-treated (due to both sunlight and articial UV light tech) mushrooms are a source of <b>vitamin d2</b>. Many mushrooms are poisonous, resembling certain edible species. Gathering mushrooms in the wild is risky for the inexperienced and should only be undertaken by persons knowledgeable in mushroom identification.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient wakame = create_child_ingredient(&seaweed, "wakame", "<p>Wakame, or <b>Undaria pinnatifida</b> is an edible seaweed, subtly sweet with a strong flavour and texture. It has a salty, savoury taste. Wakame is often served in soups, or in salads. Wakame is often sold dried (can be re-constituted in water) or salted.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Ingredient flax_seed_eggs = create_child_ingredient(&flax_seeds, "flax seed eggs
  
 Ingredient sunflower_seeds = create_ingredient("sunflower seeds", "<p>Sunflower seeds are the fruit of the sunflower. There are 3 types: <b>linoleic</b> (the most common), high oleic and sunflower oil seeds. The type used in the recipes on this website are of the linoleic variety. Sunflower seeds are a rich source of <b>protein</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>zinc</b>.</p><p>Sunflower seeds are commonly eaten as snacks, but can be used in recipes as garnishes or bases for <a href='Sunflower_heirloom_carrot_pasta.html'>vegan faux-cheese sauces</a>. Seeds are sold in-shell or dehulled, both salted and unsalted.</p><p>Weight: 1/4 cup | 1 1/4 oz | 35 g</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient pumpkin = create_ingredient("pumpkin", "<p>Pumpkins, or <b>Cucurbita pepo</b>, are a cultivar of winter squashes, typically round with ribbed skin, most often deep yellow to orange and dark green in color. Pumpkins can be pureed and canned, roasted, grilled or used decoratively. Pumpkins are a source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin-a'>vitamin a</a>.</p><p>Pumpkins are also cultivated for their <a href='pumpkin_seeds.html'>seeds</a> and oils.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient pumpkin = create_ingredient("pumpkin", "<p>Pumpkins, or <b>Cucurbita pepo</b>, are a cultivar of winter squashes, typically round with ribbed skin, most often deep yellow to orange and dark green in color. Pumpkins can be pureed and canned, roasted, grilled or used decoratively. Pumpkins are a source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin-a'>vitamin a</a>.</p><p>Pumpkins are also cultivated for their <a href='pumpkin_seeds.html'>seeds</a> and oils.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient pumpkin_seeds = create_child_ingredient(&pumpkin, "pumpkin seeds", "<p>Pumpkin seeds is the edible seed of a <b>pumpkin</b> and certain <b>squashes</b>. The seeds are flat, with a white outer husk. The inner seed is a dark green color. Pumpkin seeds are righ in <b>protein</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>zinc</b>.</p><p>Pumpkin seeds can be consumed raw, <a href='Roasted_pumpkin_seeds.html'>roasted</a>, or pureed into a nut butter. They can also be added to <a href='Crackers.html'>crackers</a>, <a href='Halloween_pumpkin_cookies.html'>cakes</a> and breads.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ Ingredient chia_seeds = create_ingredient("chia seeds", "<p>Chia seeds are the e
 
 Ingredient potatoes = create_ingredient("potatoes", "<p>The potato is a root vegetable, of the plant <b>solanum tuberosum</b>. They are a staple throughout the world, and the 4th largest food crop after corn, wheat and rice. After years of selective breeding, there are now 1,000 different types of potatoes. Potatoes should not be eaten raw, because we don't digest it well.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient nagaimo = create_child_ingredient(&potatoes, "nagaimo", "<p>Nagaimo is a Chinese yam, the only species that can be consumed raw. It has a bland flavor, and is primarily consumed due to the resulting <b>mucilaginous</b> texture when sliced or grated. When preparing nagaimo for consumption, gloves should be used because it can cause skin irritation. Nagaimo should be peeled and brieftly soaked in a vinegar-water solution to neutralize the <b>oxalate crystals</b> found in their skin, then, it can be cut into slices or grated. Grated nagaimo develops a <b>mucilaginous</b> texture, which can be added to dips for soba noodles, or to <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a>.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient nagaimo = create_child_ingredient(&potatoes, "nagaimo", "<p>Nagaimo is a Chinese yam, the only species that can be consumed raw. It has a bland flavor, and is primarily consumed due to the resulting <b>mucilaginous</b> texture when sliced or grated. When preparing nagaimo for consumption, gloves should be used because it can cause skin irritation. Nagaimo should be peeled and brieftly soaked in a vinegar-water solution to neutralize the <b>oxalate crystals</b> found in their skin, then, it can be cut into slices or grated. Grated nagaimo develops a <b>mucilaginous</b> texture, which can be added to dips for soba noodles, or to <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a>.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient carrots = create_ingredient("carrots", "<p>Carrots contain high quantities of vitamin A. Carrot cultivars can be grouped into two broad classes, <b>eastern carrots</b> (purple, yellow, often with branched roots) and <b>western carrots</b> (with an abundance of carotene). Carrots benefit from companion plants. Onions, leeks and chives for instance help repel the carrot root fly. Carrots can be stored for many months in a refrigerator, or in moist, cool places in winter. For long-term storage, carrots can be stashed in a bucket between layers of sand. A storage temperature of 0 to 5 °C is ideal.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -137,13 +137,13 @@ Ingredient red_beets = create_child_ingredient(&beets, "red beets", "<p>Red beet
 
 Ingredient cassava = create_ingredient("cassava", "Cassava</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient garlic = create_ingredient("garlic", "<p>Garlic bulbs range from medium to large, consisting of gloves encased in individual wrappers. It has a mild allium scent and taste. Crushing or pressing the cloves releases enzyme compounds that produce a sulfur-based molecule called <b>acilin</b>, which is responsible for giving garlic its pungent aroma and taste. </p><p>Garlic can be consumed both raw or cooked, with raw having a stronger flavor. Garlic pairs well with acidic fruits and vegetables like <a href='tomatoes.html'>tomatoes</a> and citrus, herbs like <a href='basil.html'>basil</a>, <a href='thyme.html'>thyme</a> and <a href='oregano.html'>oregano</a> and vegetables like broccoli, <a href='brussel_sprouts.html'>brussel sprouts</a>, <a href='snap_peas.html'>snap peas</a> and <a href='artichokes.html'>artichokes</a>.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient garlic = create_ingredient("garlic", "<p>Garlic bulbs range from medium to large, consisting of gloves encased in individual wrappers. It has a mild allium scent and taste. Crushing or pressing the cloves releases enzyme compounds that produce a sulfur-based molecule called <b>acilin</b>, which is responsible for giving garlic its pungent aroma and taste. </p><p>Garlic can be consumed both raw or cooked, with raw having a stronger flavor. Garlic pairs well with acidic fruits and vegetables like <a href='tomatoes.html'>tomatoes</a> and citrus, herbs like <a href='basil.html'>basil</a>, <a href='thyme.html'>thyme</a> and <a href='oregano.html'>oregano</a> and vegetables like broccoli, <a href='brussel_sprouts.html'>brussel sprouts</a>, <a href='snap_peas.html'>snap peas</a> and <a href='artichokes.html'>artichokes</a>.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient garlic_powder = create_child_ingredient(&garlic, "garlic powder", "<p>Garlic powder is dehydrated garlic. It is used in recipes where moisture content is key. 1/8 of a teaspoon of garlic powder equals one fresh <a href='garlic.html'>garlic</a> clove. To make garlic powder, the cloves are peeled and sliced, and then heated to a temperature of between 150-160C to remove all moisture. The dehydrated garlic is then sliced, chopped and ground into a powder.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient onion = create_ingredient("onion", "<p>Onions, or <b>Alium cepa L</b>, are vegetables of the genus <b>Allium</b> There are many varieties, ranging in pungency, shape and color (red, yellow and white). Mature onion bulbs are the most commonly eaten, although onions can be consumed at any stage. Onions are available fresh, frozen, pickled, dried and powdered. Onions contain low amounts of essential nutrients.</p><p>Onions are toxic to many animals, like dogs and cats (<a href='http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000100002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en'>ref</a>).</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient red_onion = create_child_ingredient(&onion, "red onion", "<p>Red onions have a purplish-red skin, and flesh that is white and tinged with red. They are crunchy, pungent, sweet and a bit spicy when raw. When cooked, they become milder. They contain <b>vitamin C</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>calcium</b>.</p><p>Red onions can be grilled, roasted, braised, caramelized and pickled. The bulbs will keep for 1-2 months when stored in a cool, dark and dry place with good air circulation.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient red_onion = create_child_ingredient(&onion, "red onion", "<p>Red onions have a purplish-red skin, and flesh that is white and tinged with red. They are crunchy, pungent, sweet and a bit spicy when raw. When cooked, they become milder. They contain <b>vitamin C</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>calcium</b>.</p><p>Red onions can be grilled, roasted, braised, caramelized and pickled. The bulbs will keep for 1-2 months when stored in a cool, dark and dry place with good air circulation.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient onion_powder = create_child_ingredient(&onion, "onion powder", "<p>Onion powder is made from finely ground, dehydrated onions. The taste and odour is very strong. Onion powder has a shelf life of 1 year if kept in a cool, dry place. In recipes, 1 tsp of onion powder can replace an entire medium-sized onion.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -203,15 +203,15 @@ Ingredient dried_white_mulberries = create_ingredient("dried white mulberries", 
 
 Ingredient dry_corn_kernels = create_ingredient("dry corn kernels", "<p>Corn kernels are the fruit of corn, or <b>maize</b>. One ear of corn has roughly 800 kernels and they come in a grand variety of colors: Black, blue-grey, purple, green, white and yellow.</p><p>Corn kernels have many uses other than food, they're used to produce biofuel and bioplastics.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient pandanus_fruit = create_ingredient("pandanus fruit", "<p>The fruit of the <b>pandanus tectorius</b> tree is widely consumed in the pacific islands, but it goes under other names, like <b>hala</b>, <b>screwpine</b> or <b>pu hala</b>. The fruits are large, and composed of 40-80 wedge-like phalanges (or keys). The fruit changes from green to orange/red as it matures, and can stay on the tree for more than 12 months. The fruit is eaten raw or cooked, and is a source of <b>vitamin A</b>.</p><p>Pandanus are a source of food, but they're also used to produce material for clothing, basket and weaving and shelters. Pandanus trees are super trees, they can withstand difficult conditions (storms, sea air, drought) and propagate with ease. The phalanges covering the inner core are buoyant, so like coconuts they can be transported for many months by ocean currents while remaining viable.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient pandanus_fruit = create_ingredient("pandanus fruit", "<p>The fruit of the <b>pandanus tectorius</b> tree is widely consumed in the pacific islands, but it goes under other names, like <b>hala</b>, <b>screwpine</b> or <b>pu hala</b>. The fruits are large, and composed of 40-80 wedge-like phalanges (or keys). The fruit changes from green to orange/red as it matures, and can stay on the tree for more than 12 months. The fruit is eaten raw or cooked, and is a source of <b>vitamin A</b>.</p><p>Pandanus are a source of food, but they're also used to produce material for clothing, basket and weaving and shelters. Pandanus trees are super trees, they can withstand difficult conditions (storms, sea air, drought) and propagate with ease. The phalanges covering the inner core are buoyant, so like coconuts they can be transported for many months by ocean currents while remaining viable.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient banana = create_ingredient("banana", "<p>They can be used in a variety of ways in recipes, for both desserts and savoury meals. They can be deep fried, baked in their skin, steamed, made into preserves, processed into vinegar etc.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient kiwi = create_ingredient("kiwi", "<p>Kiwi is the edible berry of species of <b>woody vines</b> in the genus <b>Actinidia</b>. Kiwifruit have a thin, hair-like skin with a light green or golden flesh. It has a soft texture with a sweet tart flavor. Kiwi fruit is a rich source of <b>vitamin C</b>, and a source of <b>calcium</b> and <b>iron</b>.</p><p>Kiwifruit is eaten raw, used as a garnish, it is also processed into juices and baked into cakes. The whole fruit is edible, even the skin. To store, refrigerate ripe fruit up to ten days. Refrigerated unripe fruit lasts up to one month.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient apple = create_ingredient("apple", "<p>Apples is the fruit of the apple tree (Malus domestica). Different cultivars are bred for various uses, like cooking and cider production. Apples are low in essential nutrients.</p><p>Apples can be canned, frozen and dried, it can also be processed into jam, vinegar, juice or alcohol. Some varieties of apple can be stored up to a year, other varieties (like granny smith and fuji) have 3x the storage life of other kinds.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient apple = create_ingredient("apple", "<p>Apples is the fruit of the apple tree (Malus domestica). Different cultivars are bred for various uses, like cooking and cider production. Apples are low in essential nutrients.</p><p>Apples can be canned, frozen and dried, it can also be processed into jam, vinegar, juice or alcohol. Some varieties of apple can be stored up to a year, other varieties (like granny smith and fuji) have 3x the storage life of other kinds.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient lemon = create_ingredient("lemon", "<p>Lemons are a citrus fruit with a distinctive sour taste. They are a rich source of <b>vitamin C</b>. Lemon is sometimes used as a short-term preservative on foods (apples, avocados, bananas) that brown or oxidize after being sliced.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient lemon = create_ingredient("lemon", "<p>Lemons are a citrus fruit with a distinctive sour taste. They are a rich source of <b>vitamin C</b>. Lemon is sometimes used as a short-term preservative on foods (apples, avocados, bananas) that brown or oxidize after being sliced.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient lemon_zest = create_child_ingredient(&lemon, "lemon zest", "<p>The rind of lemons can be grated, and used as 'zest' in baking and many other recipes.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Ingredient lemon_juice = create_child_ingredient(&lemon, "lemon juice", "<p>Lemo
 
 Ingredient orange = create_ingredient("orange", "<p>In the early 16th century, the orange was considered a luxury item and rich people would grow it in private conservatories called \"orangeries\".</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient pears = create_ingredient("pears", "<p>Pears are the fruit of the pear tree, a species of genus <b>Pyrus</b>. Most pears are cold-hardy, withstanding temperatures between -25C and -30C in winter. There are many species of pears, ranging in size, shape and color. They are a source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin_c'>vitamin c</a>.</p><p>They will keep up to 3 weeks when stored in the refrigerator and a little over 1 year if frozen. Pears ripen at room temperature. They will ripen faster if placed next to bananas in a fruit bowl.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient pears = create_ingredient("pears", "<p>Pears are the fruit of the pear tree, a species of genus <b>Pyrus</b>. Most pears are cold-hardy, withstanding temperatures between -25C and -30C in winter. There are many species of pears, ranging in size, shape and color. They are a source of <a href='nutrition.html#vitamin_c'>vitamin c</a>.</p><p>They will keep up to 3 weeks when stored in the refrigerator and a little over 1 year if frozen. Pears ripen at room temperature. They will ripen faster if placed next to bananas in a fruit bowl.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient bartlett_pear = create_child_ingredient(&pears, "bartlett pear", "<p>Barlett pears are large, and have a skin that brightens as it ripens, transforming it from a green to a golden yellow tint. They have a cream-colored flesh, that is crunchy and tart when ripe, and a buttery and sweet taste when fully ripe. They are rich in <b>vitamin C</b> and <b>iron</b>.</p><p>Bartlett pears can be eaten raw, they can be baked, boiled and grilled. Bartlett pears are known as the “canning pear” because they hold their shape and have a distinct flavor and sweetness when preserved.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ Ingredient bosc_pear = create_child_ingredient(&pears, "bosc pear", "<p>Bosc pea
 
 Ingredient papaya = create_ingredient("papaya", "<p>Papayas, or <b>pawpaw</b>, are the fruit (berries) of the <b>carica papaya</b>. It is one of 22 species of the genus <b>Carica</b>. There are two main kinds: Red papayas and yellow papayas. Even when unripe, these two varieties can be grated and eaten and are known as 'green papayas'. Papayas are a rich source of <b>vitamin C</b>.</p><p>The ripe fruit can be consumed raw, and the unripe green fruit can be eaten cooked in salads or other meals. The seeds are edible, they can be washed and dried and used like <a href='black_pepper.html'>black pepper</a>.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient pomegranate = create_ingredient("pomegranate", "<p>Pomegranates come from the <b>Punica granatum</b>, a fruit-bearing shrub (botanically a berry). Pomegranates can range in color from pink, white, yellow and purple, the most common being the red variety. It is estimated that there are some 500 different cultivars of Pomegranate grown world-wide.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient pomegranate = create_ingredient("pomegranate", "<p>Pomegranates come from the <b>Punica granatum</b>, a fruit-bearing shrub (botanically a berry). Pomegranates can range in color from pink, white, yellow and purple, the most common being the red variety. It is estimated that there are some 500 different cultivars of Pomegranate grown world-wide.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient pomegranate_seeds = create_child_ingredient(&pomegranate, "pomegranate seeds", "<p>The inside of the pomegranate fruit is filled with seeds, technically called <b>arils</b>. Pomegranate arils are a source of <b>vitamin C</b>.</p><p><b>How to extract the arils</b>: Score it with a knife to break it open. The seeds are separated from the peel and internal white pulp membranes. Separating the seeds is easier in a bowl of water because the seeds sink and the inedible pulp floats. The seeds may simply be eaten raw as a snack or added into salads, relishes, garnishes or <a href='spicy_brownies_with_pomegranate_syrup.html'>desserts</a>.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -249,11 +249,11 @@ Ingredient apricot_jam = create_ingredient("apricot jam", "<p>Apricot jam is mad
 
 Ingredient coconut = create_ingredient("coconut", "<p>Coconuts stem from the coconut tree, or <b>Cocos nucifera</b>. Coconuts are known for their versatility of uses, ranging from food to cosmetics. The water in young coconuts is very high in electrolytes. They are a good source of <b>protein</b>, <b>iron</b> and <b>zinc</b>.</p><p>They are ideal for making deserts, and are used in a variety of dishes like <a href='hop_ice_cream.html'>ice cream</a>, beverages, frostings on cakes, smoothies, curry sauces etc. Whole coconuts will keep at room temperature for two weeks. For longer storage, refrigerate.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient ao_nori = create_child_ingredient(&seaweed, "ao nori", "<p>Aonori <b>青海苔</b>, or green laver, is a type of edible green seaweed which includes species from the genus <b>Monostroma</b> and <b>Ulva</b>. It is referred to as aosa <b>アオサ</b> in some parts of Japan. The color of the aonori is intense, beautiful green. It has a distinctive fragrant green flavor. This type of seaweed is rich in <b>calcium</b> and is a moderate source of <b>iodine</b>.</p><p>Aonori is sold dried, and is used in soups and tempura. It is also sprinkled atop a variety of Japanese dishes like yakisoba and <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a>.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient ao_nori = create_child_ingredient(&seaweed, "ao nori", "<p>Aonori <b>青海苔</b>, or green laver, is a type of edible green seaweed which includes species from the genus <b>Monostroma</b> and <b>Ulva</b>. It is referred to as aosa <b>アオサ</b> in some parts of Japan. The color of the aonori is intense, beautiful green. It has a distinctive fragrant green flavor. This type of seaweed is rich in <b>calcium</b> and is a moderate source of <b>iodine</b>.</p><p>Aonori is sold dried, and is used in soups and tempura. It is also sprinkled atop a variety of Japanese dishes like yakisoba and <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a>.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient kanten_powder = create_child_ingredient(&seaweed, "kanten powder", "<p>Kanten is a seaweed-based gelling agent derived from tengusa <b>テングサ</b>, a specific type of red seaweed. It is semi-translucent, and firm when it solidifies. Kanten is 80 percent fiber, and has no odor or taste.</p><p>It is used to make Japanese confectionery, and unlike gelatin kanten-based confections don't dissolve at room temperature. Kanten is often confused with agar agar. Both are seaweed-based, but they come from different algea. Kanten can be swapped 1:1 with agar agar in a recipe, although the resulting texture will not be the same. Kanten produces a firmer texture than agar.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient turmeric_root = create_ingredient("turmeric root", "<p>Turmeric, or <b>Cucurma longa</b>, belongs to the <a href='ginger_root.html'>ginger root</a> family. The rhizomes can be used fresh, boiled in water and dried. It's used as a coloring and flavoring agent, and has a bitter black pepper-like taste and earthy mustard-like aroma. Fresh Turmeric's gentle carrot/ginger-like flavor lends itself well to both sweet and savory applications.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient turmeric_root = create_ingredient("turmeric root", "<p>Turmeric, or <b>Cucurma longa</b>, belongs to the <a href='ginger_root.html'>ginger root</a> family. The rhizomes can be used fresh, boiled in water and dried. It's used as a coloring and flavoring agent, and has a bitter black pepper-like taste and earthy mustard-like aroma. Fresh Turmeric's gentle carrot/ginger-like flavor lends itself well to both sweet and savory applications.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient ground_turmeric = create_child_ingredient(&turmeric_root, "ground turmeric", "<p>Ground turmeric is made from the rhizomes of the turmeric plant, after harvest it is boiled, then dried and ground into a powder.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ Ingredient cinnamon = create_ingredient("cinnamon", "<p>Cinnamon is an aromatic 
 
 Ingredient rosemary = create_ingredient("rosemary", "<p>Rosemary, or <b>Salvia rosmarinus</b>, is a fragrant evergreen herb with needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple of blue flowers. It's leaves are used to flavor a variety of foods. It's a source of <b>vitamin A</b> and <b>calcium</b>.</p><p>Rosemary is very potent, and should be used sparingly. A good technique to remove the leaves, is to hold the stem at the top and to run your fingers along the stem backwards. To keep cuttings of rosemary fresh, wrap in a damp towel. Dried rosemary keeps up to 6 months if stored in an airtight container.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient basil = create_ingredient("basil", "<p>Basil, or <b>Ocimum basilicum</b> is an aromatic plant, with a wide range of fragrances (depending on the variety). The leaves may taste like anise, with a strong smell. The most common type is sweet basil, but there is also thai basil, lemon basil and holy basil.</p><p>In cooking, add it at the last moment, as cooking quickly destroys the flavor. Fresh basil can be used whole, chopped, made into a paste or dried. Basil will keep if dry and refrigerated, but should be used up within a week. When soaked in water, the seeds of several basil varieties become gelatinous.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient basil = create_ingredient("basil", "<p>Basil, or <b>Ocimum basilicum</b> is an aromatic plant, with a wide range of fragrances (depending on the variety). The leaves may taste like anise, with a strong smell. The most common type is sweet basil, but there is also thai basil, lemon basil and holy basil.</p><p>In cooking, add it at the last moment, as cooking quickly destroys the flavor. Fresh basil can be used whole, chopped, made into a paste or dried. Basil will keep if dry and refrigerated, but should be used up within a week. When soaked in water, the seeds of several basil varieties become gelatinous.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient dried_basil = create_ingredient("dried basil", "<p>Dried basil loses most of its flavor, and what little flavor remains tastes very different from fresh basil.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ Ingredient wasabi_root = create_ingredient("wasabi root", "<p>Wasabi, or <b>Wasa
 
 Ingredient wasabi_powder = create_child_ingredient(&wasabi_root, "wasabi powder", "<p>Wasabi powder is made from the dried, grated flesh of the wasabi root. It has a light lime coloring and sharp, hot taste and aroma. Most of the wasabi powder that is sold internationally is not 100 percent wasabi, but a mixture of mustard, horseradish and color additives (due to the high cost of the root).</p><p>Wasabi powder has a long shelf life, it will retain its taste if kept in a cool and dry place.</p><p><b>How to make wasabi paste:</b> To make wasabi paste, mix 1:1 quantity of wasabi powder and water, mix well. The texture should be a bit dry. Cover wasabi and allow to sit for 15 min to allow the enzymes to work, doing this helps bring out the full flavors of the wasabi.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient sichuan_peppercorns = create_ingredient("sichuan peppercorns", "<p>Sichuan pepper, or <b>花椒</b>, comes from the seeds of species of trees in the genus <b>Zanthoxylum</b>. It's a spice from China's southwestern Sichuan Province. It has a unique aroma and flavor that is neither hot nor pungent, with lemony overtones. This pepper create a tingly numbness in the mouth. It is often used in spicy dishes, to create a a flavor known in Mandarin as <b>málà 麻辣 \"numb-spiciness\"</b>.</p><p>When cooking sichuan peppercorns, lightly toast them and then then crush them before adding them to food. The spice is added at the last moment.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient sichuan_peppercorns = create_ingredient("sichuan peppercorns", "<p>Sichuan pepper, or <b>花椒</b>, comes from the seeds of species of trees in the genus <b>Zanthoxylum</b>. It's a spice from China's southwestern Sichuan Province. It has a unique aroma and flavor that is neither hot nor pungent, with lemony overtones. This pepper create a tingly numbness in the mouth. It is often used in spicy dishes, to create a a flavor known in Mandarin as <b>málà 麻辣 \"numb-spiciness\"</b>.</p><p>When cooking sichuan peppercorns, lightly toast them and then then crush them before adding them to food. The spice is added at the last moment.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient fresh_coriander = create_ingredient("fresh coriander", "<p>Coriander, also known as <b>Coriandrum sativum} or cilantro, is an herb cultivated for its leaves and seeds (all parts are edible). Coriander has a tart, lemon/lime taste. Coriander leaves are a source of <b>vitamin A</b>, <b>vitamin C</b>. Its seeds have a lower count of vitamins but still provide some amounts of <b>calcium</b> and <b>iron</b>. For 3-21 percent of people, Coriander tastes soapy or rotten. These people have a gene which detects specific compounds in the plant, the most common is <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8590' target='_blank'>OR6A2</a>, a gene involved in sensing smells.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -281,9 +281,9 @@ Ingredient cocoa_beans = create_ingredient("cocoa beans", "<p>Cocoa beans (also 
 
 Ingredient cocoa_powder = create_child_ingredient(&cocoa_beans, "cocoa powder", "<p>Cocoa powder which is the dry powder made by grinding cocoa seeds and removing the cocoa butter from the cocoa solids, which are dark and bitter. The two basic types of cocoa powder are <b>Dutch processed</b> and <b>Broma processed</b>. Cocoa powder a source of <b>calcium</b> and <b>zinc</b>.</p><p>Recipes specifically call out whether they require Dutch-process or unsweetened cocoa. It's not a good idea to swap out regular cocoa for Dutch cocoa or vice-versa. Dutch-process cocoa does not react with baking soda like regular cocoa does, so you should only use Dutch-process cocoa in those recipes that have baking powder (see <a href='https://www.huffpost.com/entry/unsweetened-vs-dutch-cocoa-powder_n_972395?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi53aWtpcGVkaWEub3JnL3dpa2kvQnJvbWFfcHJvY2Vzcw&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAH1DFaQsw-T1c1SC1FaZBabMwbVXQ-BHNgG_19L6QijyflUYBgLug1DkfotIIc-TslE9MpvF9-mGqYMTRHlqz2Gy6iPuVPBtAGVOzKcxwGW0cggreoKl_ss_qlyMG2SSNjcMVGbjduavgUiXUTdrsSHcqiUvklahShVUXc44Q5wT' target='_blank'>ref</a>).</p><p>The <b>Broma process</b> consists of hanging bags of roasted cocoa beans in a very warm room, above the melting point of cocoa butter (slightly above room temperature), and allowing the cocoa butter to drip off the beans, where it is collected, resulting in unsweetened cocoa that is dark brown, acidic and bitter. The <b>Dutch process</b> differs from the Broma process in that, after the cocoa butter has been drained off the beans as described above, the beans are then soaked in an alkaline solution to make them chemically neutral. Dutch process turns the cocoa a pale reddish brown and makes it chemically nonreactive.</p><p>Weight: 1/2 cup | 1 1/2 oz | 42 g</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient chili_peppers = create_ingredient("chili peppers", "<p>Chili peppers, from Nahuatl <b>chīlli</b>, is the fruit of plants from the genus <b>Capsicum</b>. They're used in dishes to add heat or spice. There are many varieties of chili peppers, ranging in shape and color from white, yellow, red or purple to black.</p><p>The 5 domesticated species are <b>Capsicum annuum</b>(bell peppers, cayenne etc), <b>Capsicum frutescens</b> (tabasco, thai etc), <b>Capsicum chinense</b> (habanero, naga etc), <b>Capsicum pubescens</b> (rocoto) and <b>Capsicum babbactum</b> (aji). The substances that give chili peppers their pungency (spicy heat) when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin. The quantity of capsaicin varies by variety, and on growing conditions. The intensity of the \"heat\" of chili peppers is commonly reported in <a href='https://web.archive.org/web/20100823044606/http://www.tabasco.com/info_booth/faq/scoville_how.cfm' target='_blank'>Scoville heat units</a> (SHU).</p>", 0);
+Ingredient chili_peppers = create_ingredient("chili peppers", "<p>Chili peppers, from Nahuatl <b>chīlli</b>, is the fruit of plants from the genus <b>Capsicum</b>. They're used in dishes to add heat or spice. There are many varieties of chili peppers, ranging in shape and color from white, yellow, red or purple to black.</p><p>The 5 domesticated species are <b>Capsicum annuum</b>(bell peppers, cayenne etc), <b>Capsicum frutescens</b> (tabasco, thai etc), <b>Capsicum chinense</b> (habanero, naga etc), <b>Capsicum pubescens</b> (rocoto) and <b>Capsicum babbactum</b> (aji). The substances that give chili peppers their pungency (spicy heat) when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin. The quantity of capsaicin varies by variety, and on growing conditions. The intensity of the \"heat\" of chili peppers is commonly reported in <a href='https://web.archive.org/web/20100823044606/http://www.tabasco.com/info_booth/faq/scoville_how.cfm' target='_blank'>Scoville heat units</a> (SHU).</p>", 1);
 
-Ingredient jalapeno_peppers = create_child_ingredient(&jalapeno_peppers, "jalapeno peppers", "<p>Jalapeno pepper is a type of <b>Capsicum annuum</b>, it have a range of pungency, with Scoville heat units of 3,500 to 8,000. Commonly picked and consumed while still green, it is occasionally allowed to fully ripen and turn red, orange, or yellow. It is wider and generally milder than the similar Serrano pepper.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient jalapeno_peppers = create_child_ingredient(&jalapeno_peppers, "jalapeno peppers", "<p>Jalapeno pepper is a type of <b>Capsicum annuum</b>, it have a range of pungency, with Scoville heat units of 3,500 to 8,000. Commonly picked and consumed while still green, it is occasionally allowed to fully ripen and turn red, orange, or yellow. It is wider and generally milder than the similar Serrano pepper.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient cayenne_pepper = create_child_ingredient(&chili_peppers, "cayenne pepper", "<p>Cayenne pepper is a type of <b>Capsicum annuum</b>, a moderately hot chili pepper.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ Ingredient cayenne_pepper_powder = create_child_ingredient(&cayenne_pepper, "cay
 
 Ingredient anise_seeds = create_ingredient("anise seeds", "<p>Anise, also called aniseed or <b>Pimpinella</b>, is a spice with a flavor similar to star anise, fennel and liquorice. Anise is sweet and very aromatic. It's often used to flavor foods and drinks. The seeds, whole or ground, are used for preparation of teas and tisanes.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient nutritional_yeast = create_ingredient("nutritional yeast", "<p>Nutritional yeast is a deactivated yeast, a strain of <a href='https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/saccharomyces-cerevisiae' target='_blank'>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>. It is sold as yellow flakes or powder, and has a cheesy, nutty taste and flavor. Fortified nutritional yeast is a good source of <b>vitamin B12</b>.</p><p>Nutritional yeast is often confused with brewer’s yeast, but the two are distinct. Brewer’s yeast is aptly named, as it was initially offered as a byproduct of the beer brewing industry. It is a key ingredient in vegan cheese sauces, it can also be used as a condiment. Nutritional yeast adds a lot of depth and flavor to a variety of dishes.</p><p>Weight: 1/4 cup | 0.52 oz | 15 g</p>", 1);
+Ingredient nutritional_yeast = create_ingredient("nutritional yeast", "<p>Nutritional yeast is a deactivated yeast, a strain of <a href='https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/saccharomyces-cerevisiae' target='_blank'>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>. It is sold as yellow flakes or powder, and has a cheesy, nutty taste and flavor. Fortified nutritional yeast is a good source of <b>vitamin B12</b>.</p><p>Nutritional yeast is often confused with brewer’s yeast, but the two are distinct. Brewer’s yeast is aptly named, as it was initially offered as a byproduct of the beer brewing industry. It is a key ingredient in vegan cheese sauces, it can also be used as a condiment. Nutritional yeast adds a lot of depth and flavor to a variety of dishes.</p><p>Weight: 1/4 cup | 0.52 oz | 15 g</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient vanilla = create_ingredient("vanilla", "<p>Vanilla is a flavoring derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla, primarily from the Mexican species, flat-leaved vanilla (V. planifolia). It is the second-most expensive spice after saffron because growing the vanilla seed pods is labor-intensive. Despite the expense, vanilla is highly valued for its flavor. Three major species of vanilla currently are grown globally: <b>V. planifolia</b> (being the most common), <b>V. tahitensis</b> and <b>V. pompona</b>. In addition to varieties, there are also different grades of vanilla beans. Grade A beans are longer and more moist, and Grade B beans are less pretty and usually recommended for making extract. Grade B beans are less expensive.</p><p>Vanilla is widely used in both commercial and domestic baking, perfume manufacture, and aromatherapy. Natural vanilla gives a brown or yellow color to preparations, depending on the concentration.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ Ingredient paprika = create_child_ingredient(&chili_peppers, "paprika", "<p>Papr
 
 Ingredient smoked_paprika = create_child_ingredient(&paprika, "smoked paprika", "<p>Smoked paprika, or <b>Pimentón de la Vera</b>, is paprika that has a distinct smoky flavor and aroma, as it is dried by smoking, typically using oak wood.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient cardamom = create_ingredient("cardamom", "<p>This type of cardamom is green, its adds flavors to a variety of dishes. It has a strong, aromatic taste. Each seed imparts a lot of flavor, not much is needed in a dish.</p><p>Cardamom is best stored in its pod. It is used in both sweet, and savoury dishes.</p>", 1);
+Ingredient cardamom = create_ingredient("cardamom", "<p>This type of cardamom is green, its adds flavors to a variety of dishes. It has a strong, aromatic taste. Each seed imparts a lot of flavor, not much is needed in a dish.</p><p>Cardamom is best stored in its pod. It is used in both sweet, and savoury dishes.</p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient curry_powder = create_ingredient("curry powder", "<p>Curry powder is a spice blend, which contains more or less the same set of ingredients in varying quantities. Most mixes contain coriander, turmeric, cumin, fenugreek, and chili peppers. Other ingredients included in curry powders include ginger, garlic, asafoetida, fennel seed, caraway, cinnamon, clove, mustard seed, green cardamom, black cardamom, nutmeg, white turmeric, curry leaf, long pepper, and black pepper.</p><p><b>Japanese curry powder ratios(makes ~45 g):</b> Mix 9 g (1 tbsp) of turmeric, 5g (1 tbsp) of coriander seeds, 6 g (1 tbsp) cumin seeds, 2 g (1 tsp) cloves, 2 pods cardamom, 3 g (1 tsp) cinnamon, 7 g (2 tsp) of fenugreek seeds, 1.5 g (1/2 tsp) powdered cayenne, 5 g (1/2 tsp) garlic powder, 3 g (1 tsp) paprika, 1.5 g (1/2 tsp) whole black peppercorns, and 1.25 g (1/4 tsp) salt. Toast spices in a pan at low heat for 1-2 minutes until fragrant and have a crunch to them, transfer the lot to a grinder or mortar and pestle and grind them into a fine powder. Let cool before storing.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@ Ingredient chili_pepper_flakes = create_child_ingredient(&chili_peppers, "chili 
 
 Ingredient chile_powder = create_ingredient("chile powder", "<p>Chile powder refers to dried, crushed (and sometimes smoked) chipotle, habanero, ancho, guajillo, piri piri, kashmiri, etc. This is different than chili powder. There are no other added ingredients. Chili powder contains other ingredients like oregano, paprika, pepper, cumin, garlic powder, onion powder, and/or salt.<p><b>Homemade ancho chile powder recipe:</b></p><p>Roast three medium-sized ancho chiles in a pan, then remove them and allow to cool. Seed the anchos and cut them into strips and then process them in a spice grinder with the cumin seeds. Use that in your chili, and then store what’s left over in a sealed jar. Use it quickly, it grows stale fast.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient hops = create_ingredient("hops", "<p>Hops are the flowers of the hop plant <b>Humulus lupulus</b>. They are used a bittering, flavouring and stability agent in beer. While being bitter, hops also impart floral, fruity, or citrus flavours and aromas.</p><p>Many different varieties are grown around the world, with different types used for particular styles of beer. Specific hop varieties are associated with beer regions and styles, with pale largers being brewed with European <b>noble hop</b> varieties like <b><a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saaz_hops' target='_blank'>Saaz</a></b> (Stella Artois) and <b>Hallertau</b>, British ales with <b>Fuggles</b> and <b>Goldings</b>, North American beers with <b><a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade_hop' target='_blank'>Cascade hops</a></b> (anchor brewing company) and <b>Columbus hops</b> and New Zealand <b>Pacific Gem</b> and <b>Motueka</b>. Hops tend to be unstable when exposed to light or air and lose their potency after a few months' storage.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient hops = create_ingredient("hops", "<p>Hops are the flowers of the hop plant <b>Humulus lupulus</b>. They are used a bittering, flavouring and stability agent in beer. While being bitter, hops also impart floral, fruity, or citrus flavours and aromas.</p><p>Many different varieties are grown around the world, with different types used for particular styles of beer. Specific hop varieties are associated with beer regions and styles, with pale largers being brewed with European <b>noble hop</b> varieties like <b><a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saaz_hops' target='_blank'>Saaz</a></b> (Stella Artois) and <b>Hallertau</b>, British ales with <b>Fuggles</b> and <b>Goldings</b>, North American beers with <b><a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascade_hop' target='_blank'>Cascade hops</a></b> (anchor brewing company) and <b>Columbus hops</b> and New Zealand <b>Pacific Gem</b> and <b>Motueka</b>. Hops tend to be unstable when exposed to light or air and lose their potency after a few months' storage.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient dried_orange_peel = create_ingredient("dried orange peel", "<p>The thick bitter rind of oranges is used in certain recipes as a food flavoring or garnish. It contains oils and has a strong flavor to that of the orange pulp. The peel is a source of <b>vitamin C</b>.</p><p>To make dried orange peel, wash the fruit well with running water. Dry, and peel the oranges with a sharp knife, and discard as much of the white pith from the skin as possible. Cut into thin, even pieces. Lay on a baking sheet, bake for 30-60 min at 200F. Check peels often so they don't burn (they curl when they're done). Remove from oven, let cool and store in an airtight container.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ Ingredient starter = create_child_ingredient(&flour, "starter", "<p>Sourdough br
 
 Ingredient gluten_flour = create_child_ingredient(&flour, "gluten flour", "<p>Gluten flour is refined gluten protein, used to strengthen flour as needed. To make wheat gluten requires separating wheat flour into starch and protein by rinsing the starch away, leaving raw gluten which can be used in recipes. It can also be dried, as is the case for <a href='https://www.bobsredmill.com/vital-wheat-gluten.html' target='_blank'>vital wheat gluten</a>.</p><p>It can be used to make a vegetarian meat substitute known as <a href='seitan.html'>seitan</a>. Adding ~1 tsp of gluten flour per cup of <a href='All_purpose_flour.html'>All purpose flour</a> gives the resulting mix the protein content of bread flour. Adding it to wholegrain bread recipes improves the texture and elasticity of the dough, helps retain the gas and steam from baking, and gives more volume to the baked bread.</p><p>Weight: 1 cup | 5.08 oz | 144 g</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient cornmeal = create_ingredient("cornmeal", "<p>Cornmeal is a coarse flour made from dried corn (maize). It is ground to fine, medium and coarse consistencies for a variety of uses. Steel-ground yellow cornmeal (found in the US) has the husk and germ removed, while stone-ground cornmeal retains some of the hull and germ, giving it more nutrients and flavor. Cornmeal comes in many colors, from blue to violet, yellow and white.</p><p>Cornmeal can be used to flour the baking surface to prevent sticking. Cornmeal can also be boiled (polenta), and be used in baking, to make muffins, flatbreads, breads, desserts (cornbread, cornpone etc). Steel-ground yellow cornmeal keeps for 1 year if stored in a cool, dry place within an airtight container. Stone-ground cornmeal is more perishable, but will store longer if refrigerated or kept in a cool place.</p><p>Weight: 1 cup | 4 7/8 oz | 138 g</p>", 0);
+Ingredient cornmeal = create_ingredient("cornmeal", "<p>Cornmeal is a coarse flour made from dried corn (maize). It is ground to fine, medium and coarse consistencies for a variety of uses. Steel-ground yellow cornmeal (found in the US) has the husk and germ removed, while stone-ground cornmeal retains some of the hull and germ, giving it more nutrients and flavor. Cornmeal comes in many colors, from blue to violet, yellow and white.</p><p>Cornmeal can be used to flour the baking surface to prevent sticking. Cornmeal can also be boiled (polenta), and be used in baking, to make muffins, flatbreads, breads, desserts (cornbread, cornpone etc). Steel-ground yellow cornmeal keeps for 1 year if stored in a cool, dry place within an airtight container. Stone-ground cornmeal is more perishable, but will store longer if refrigerated or kept in a cool place.</p><p>Weight: 1 cup | 4 7/8 oz | 138 g</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient corn_semolina = create_ingredient("corn semolina", "<p>Corn semolina is the coarse middlings from maize (corn).</p>", 0);
 
@@ -397,11 +397,11 @@ Ingredient breadfruit_flour = create_child_ingredient(&breadfruit, "breadfruit f
 
 Ingredient wheat_semolina = create_ingredient("wheat semolina", "<p>Wheat semolina is the coarse wheat middlings of durum wheat. It is a pale yellow color, and is often used as the base for dried products (couscous) and to flour baking surfaces to prevent sticking. The wheat berries are fed into a mill, and the rollers gradually remove the bran and germ while the endosperm (starch) is cracked into coarse bits. The lot is sifted, and so the endosperm, particles and semolina is separated.</p><p>Weight: 1 cup | 5 3/4 oz | 163 g</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient beni_shouga = create_child_ingredient(&ginger_root, "beni shouga", "<p>Beni shouga, or pickled ginger, is a Japanese pickle or <b>tsukemono 漬物</b>. Beni shouga is made from thin strips of ginger, pickled in <b>umezu 梅酢</b> (plum brine). Umezu is the brine that results during the process of making <b>umeboshi 梅干</b> (pickled plums). Traditionally, the red of the ginger comes from the <b>shiso シソ</b> plant of the genus <b>Perilla</b>, although most commercial products use artificial coloring. Beni shouga is commonly served in yakisoba (sauteed buckwheat noodles) and <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a></p>", 1);
+Ingredient beni_shouga = create_child_ingredient(&ginger_root, "beni shouga", "<p>Beni shouga, or pickled ginger, is a Japanese pickle or <b>tsukemono 漬物</b>. Beni shouga is made from thin strips of ginger, pickled in <b>umezu 梅酢</b> (plum brine). Umezu is the brine that results during the process of making <b>umeboshi 梅干</b> (pickled plums). Traditionally, the red of the ginger comes from the <b>shiso シソ</b> plant of the genus <b>Perilla</b>, although most commercial products use artificial coloring. Beni shouga is commonly served in yakisoba (sauteed buckwheat noodles) and <a href='okonomiyaki.html'>okonomiyaki</a></p>", 0);
 
 Ingredient vegemite = create_ingredient("vegemite", "<p>Vegemite is a thick, dark brown food spread. It's made from leftover brewer's yeast extract with various vegetable and spices added. Vegemite is very salty, with a strong umami, malty flavor. It is a rich source of <b>B vitamins</b>.</p><p>Vegemite is the Australian cousin of <b>Marmite</b>, concocted by a chemist during a time where imports of Marmite into Australia were disrupted by the war (see <a href='https://theculturetrip.com/pacific/australia/articles/the-history-of-australias-favourite-spread-vegemite/' target='_blank'>story</a>).</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient miso = create_child_ingredient(&soy_beans, "miso", "<p>Miso, or <b>みそ</b>, is a traditional Japanese seasoning produced by fermenting <a href='soybeans.html'>soybeans</a> with both salt and koji (fungus <b>Aspergillus oryzae</b>) and sometimes with <a href='rice.html'>rice</a>, barley and <a href='seaweed.html'>seaweed</a>. Miso is salty, but it's flavor and aroma depends on the ingredients used or the fermentation process. There is a wide variety of Japanese miso, it is typically classified by grain type (barley, buckwheat, rice etc), color (white, brown, black & red), taste (sweet, salty, earthy, fruity etc) and background (where it's from). The most common miso flavor categories are: <b>Shiromiso</b> (white), <b>Akamiso</b> (red) and <b>Awasemiso</b> (mixed). Miso is a rich source of <b>protein</b>.</p><p>Miso is high in sodium, a known carcinogenic, but is <a href='https://nutritionfacts.org/video/is-miso-healthy/' target='_blank'>safe to consume</a> as the carcinogenic effects of the salt are counteracted by the <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812102' target='_blank'>anti-carcinogenic effects of the soy</a>. As for risks of hypertention, the salt in miso is squeezing blood pressures up, but the <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12097666' target='_blank'>soy protein</a> in miso is relaxing blood pressures down. All in all, the anti-hypertensive effects of the soy in the miso exceed the <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11195162' target='_blank'>hypertensive effects</a> of the salt.</p><p>Fermentation time ranges from as little as five days to several years. The color of fermented miso changes from white, to red or black, due to the <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maillard_reaction' target='_blank'>Maillard reaction</a>, a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that gives browned food its distinctive flavor. Miso typically comes as a paste in a sealed container requiring refrigeration after opening. It is used in soups (miso soup, ramen, nabe, udon etc), traditional confections (mochidango) and to make pickes (misozuke).</p><p><b>Cooking notes:</b> As natural miso is a living food, it contains many beneficial microorganisms (like <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetragenococcus_halophilus' target='_blank'>Tetragenococcus halophilus</a>) which can be killed by overcooking. To better conserve these precious microorganisms, miso should be added to soups or other foods just before they're removed from heat. Eating raw miso is even better.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient miso = create_child_ingredient(&soy_beans, "miso", "<p>Miso, or <b>みそ</b>, is a traditional Japanese seasoning produced by fermenting <a href='soybeans.html'>soybeans</a> with both salt and koji (fungus <b>Aspergillus oryzae</b>) and sometimes with <a href='rice.html'>rice</a>, barley and <a href='seaweed.html'>seaweed</a>. Miso is salty, but it's flavor and aroma depends on the ingredients used or the fermentation process. There is a wide variety of Japanese miso, it is typically classified by grain type (barley, buckwheat, rice etc), color (white, brown, black & red), taste (sweet, salty, earthy, fruity etc) and background (where it's from). The most common miso flavor categories are: <b>Shiromiso</b> (white), <b>Akamiso</b> (red) and <b>Awasemiso</b> (mixed). Miso is a rich source of <b>protein</b>.</p><p>Miso is high in sodium, a known carcinogenic, but is <a href='https://nutritionfacts.org/video/is-miso-healthy/' target='_blank'>safe to consume</a> as the carcinogenic effects of the salt are counteracted by the <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23812102' target='_blank'>anti-carcinogenic effects of the soy</a>. As for risks of hypertention, the salt in miso is squeezing blood pressures up, but the <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12097666' target='_blank'>soy protein</a> in miso is relaxing blood pressures down. All in all, the anti-hypertensive effects of the soy in the miso exceed the <a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11195162' target='_blank'>hypertensive effects</a> of the salt.</p><p>Fermentation time ranges from as little as five days to several years. The color of fermented miso changes from white, to red or black, due to the <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maillard_reaction' target='_blank'>Maillard reaction</a>, a chemical reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars that gives browned food its distinctive flavor. Miso typically comes as a paste in a sealed container requiring refrigeration after opening. It is used in soups (miso soup, ramen, nabe, udon etc), traditional confections (mochidango) and to make pickes (misozuke).</p><p><b>Cooking notes:</b> As natural miso is a living food, it contains many beneficial microorganisms (like <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetragenococcus_halophilus' target='_blank'>Tetragenococcus halophilus</a>) which can be killed by overcooking. To better conserve these precious microorganisms, miso should be added to soups or other foods just before they're removed from heat. Eating raw miso is even better.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient red_miso = create_child_ingredient(&miso, "red miso", "<p>Red miso, or <b>Akamiso (赤味噌)</b>, is salty with some astringency with umami. It is strong-tasting, and the depth of color depends on the formula of the <a href='soybeans.html'>soybeans</a> and the quantity that is used. Red miso is aged, for a year or more.</p>", 0);
 
@@ -419,9 +419,9 @@ Ingredient soy_sauce = create_ingredient("soy sauce", "<p>Soy sauce is a condime
 
 Ingredient black_beans = create_ingredient("black beans", "<p>Black beans are also known as the black turtle bean. They have a dense, and meaty texture, and are delicious in burritos, chili or in soup. Black beans are a source of protein and iron.</p><p>Pre-soaking the beans helps lower their tannin and phytate content, making it easier for our bodies to absorb other nutrients.</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient sriracha = create_ingredient("sriracha", "<p>Sriracha is a brand of sauce based on a traditional dipping chili sauce in Thailand. It is a bright red color, and is made with red japapeno peppers, sugar, salt, garlic, distilled vinegar, potassium sorbate (a preservative), sodium bisulfite (a food additive, to protect the color, aroma and flavor) and xanthan gum (a thickening agent and stabilizer).</p>", 1);
+Ingredient sriracha = create_ingredient("sriracha", "<p>Sriracha is a brand of sauce based on a traditional dipping chili sauce in Thailand. It is a bright red color, and is made with red japapeno peppers, sugar, salt, garlic, distilled vinegar, potassium sorbate (a preservative), sodium bisulfite (a food additive, to protect the color, aroma and flavor) and xanthan gum (a thickening agent and stabilizer).</p>", 0);
 
-Ingredient mirin = create_ingredient("mirin", "<p>Mirin, or <b>味醂 or みりん</b>, is a condiment in Japanese cuisine. It's a type of rice wine but with a lower alcohol and higher sugar content than sake. The sugars form naturally during the fermentation process, and are not added. There are 3 types: Hon mirin (true mirin), which contains about 14% alcohol, second is Shio mirin which has less alcohol (lower than 1.5%) and third is Shin mirin, which has less than 1% alcohol while retaining the same flavor. It has a strong flavor.</p><p>A small amount of mirin can be used instead of sugar and soy sauce.</p>", 0);
+Ingredient mirin = create_ingredient("mirin", "<p>Mirin, or <b>味醂 or みりん</b>, is a condiment in Japanese cuisine. It's a type of rice wine but with a lower alcohol and higher sugar content than sake. The sugars form naturally during the fermentation process, and are not added. There are 3 types: Hon mirin (true mirin), which contains about 14% alcohol, second is Shio mirin which has less alcohol (lower than 1.5%) and third is Shin mirin, which has less than 1% alcohol while retaining the same flavor. It has a strong flavor.</p><p>A small amount of mirin can be used instead of sugar and soy sauce.</p>", 1);
 
 Ingredient baking_powder = create_ingredient("baking powder", "<p>Baking powder is a chemical leavening agent made from a combination of a carbonate or bicarbonate and a weak acid. The acid doesn't react prematurely to the carbonate due to the added <a href='cornstarch.html'>cornstarch</a>. Baking powder helps give rise and volume to baked goods by releasing carbon dioxide gas into the batter by way of an acid-base reaction. There are two types: single and double-acting. Double acting acid reacts in a wet mixture with baking soda at room temperature, while slow-acting only reacts when heated.</p><p> Baking powder is used instead of yeast in some recipes to avoid fermentation flavors, and to speed the production of baked goods (as carbon dioxide gas is released quicker with an acid-base reaction). Generally, 1 tsp of baking powder is used to raise a mix of 1 cup of flour and 1 cup of liquid. If the recipe is acidic (lemon juice, citrus, buttermilk etc) some of the baking powder should be replaced with baking soda, for example: 1 cup flour + 1 cup buttermilk requires 1/2 tsp of baking powder and 1/4 tsp of baking soda.</p>", 0);