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resize2fs.8 (5586B)


  1. .\" -*- nroff -*-
  2. .\" Copyright 1997 by Theodore Ts'o. All Rights Reserved.
  3. .\"
  4. .\" .TH RESIZE2FS 8 "Aug 2021" "E2fsprogs version 1.46.4"
  5. .TH RESIZE2FS 8 "Aug 2021" "E2fsprogs version 1.46.4"
  6. .SH NAME
  7. resize2fs \- ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer
  8. .SH SYNOPSIS
  9. .B resize2fs
  10. [
  11. .B \-fFpPMbs
  12. ]
  13. [
  14. .B \-d
  15. .I debug-flags
  16. ]
  17. [
  18. .B \-S
  19. .I RAID-stride
  20. ]
  21. [
  22. .B \-z
  23. .I undo_file
  24. ]
  25. .I device
  26. [
  27. .I size
  28. ]
  29. .SH DESCRIPTION
  30. The
  31. .B resize2fs
  32. program will resize ext2, ext3, or ext4 file systems. It can be used to
  33. enlarge or shrink an unmounted file system located on
  34. .IR device .
  35. If the file system is mounted, it can be used to expand the size of the
  36. mounted file system, assuming the kernel and the file system supports
  37. on-line resizing. (Modern Linux 2.6 kernels will support on-line resize
  38. for file systems mounted using ext3 and ext4; ext3 file systems will
  39. require the use of file systems with the resize_inode feature enabled.)
  40. .PP
  41. The
  42. .I size
  43. parameter specifies the requested new size of the file system.
  44. If no units are specified, the units of the
  45. .I size
  46. parameter shall be the file system blocksize of the file system.
  47. Optionally, the
  48. .I size
  49. parameter may be suffixed by one of the following units
  50. designators: 'K', 'M', 'G', 'T' (either upper-case or lower-case) or 's'
  51. for power-of-two kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes or 512 byte
  52. sectors respectively. The
  53. .I size
  54. of the file system may never be larger than the size of the partition.
  55. If
  56. .I size
  57. parameter is not specified, it will default to the size of the partition.
  58. .PP
  59. The
  60. .B resize2fs
  61. program does not manipulate the size of partitions. If you wish to enlarge
  62. a file system, you must make sure you can expand the size of the
  63. underlying partition first. This can be done using
  64. .BR fdisk (8)
  65. by deleting the partition and recreating it with a larger size or using
  66. .BR lvextend (8),
  67. if you're using the logical volume manager
  68. .BR lvm (8).
  69. When
  70. recreating the partition, make sure you create it with the same starting
  71. disk cylinder as before! Otherwise, the resize operation will
  72. certainly not work, and you may lose your entire file system.
  73. After running
  74. .BR fdisk (8),
  75. run resize2fs to resize the ext2 file system
  76. to use all of the space in the newly enlarged partition.
  77. .PP
  78. If you wish to shrink an ext2 partition, first use
  79. .B resize2fs
  80. to shrink the size of file system. Then you may use
  81. .BR fdisk (8)
  82. to shrink the size of the partition. When shrinking the size of
  83. the partition, make sure you do not make it smaller than the new size
  84. of the ext2 file system!
  85. .PP
  86. The
  87. .B \-b
  88. and
  89. .B \-s
  90. options enable and disable the 64bit feature, respectively. The resize2fs
  91. program will, of course, take care of resizing the block group descriptors
  92. and moving other data blocks out of the way, as needed. It is not possible
  93. to resize the file system concurrent with changing the 64bit status.
  94. .SH OPTIONS
  95. .TP
  96. .B \-b
  97. Turns on the 64bit feature, resizes the group descriptors as necessary, and
  98. moves other metadata out of the way.
  99. .TP
  100. .B \-d \fIdebug-flags
  101. Turns on various resize2fs debugging features, if they have been compiled
  102. into the binary.
  103. .I debug-flags
  104. should be computed by adding the numbers of the desired features
  105. from the following list:
  106. .br
  107. 2 \-\ Debug block relocations
  108. .br
  109. 4 \-\ Debug inode relocations
  110. .br
  111. 8 \-\ Debug moving the inode table
  112. .br
  113. 16 \-\ Print timing information
  114. .br
  115. 32 \-\ Debug minimum file system size (\-M) calculation
  116. .TP
  117. .B \-f
  118. Forces resize2fs to proceed with the file system resize operation, overriding
  119. some safety checks which resize2fs normally enforces.
  120. .TP
  121. .B \-F
  122. Flush the file system device's buffer caches before beginning. Only
  123. really useful for doing
  124. .B resize2fs
  125. time trials.
  126. .TP
  127. .B \-M
  128. Shrink the file system to minimize its size as much as possible,
  129. given the files stored in the file system.
  130. .TP
  131. .B \-p
  132. Print out percentage completion bars for each
  133. .B resize2fs
  134. phase during an offline (non-trivial) resize operation, so that the user
  135. can keep track of what the program is doing. (For very fast resize
  136. operations, no progress bars may be displayed.)
  137. .TP
  138. .B \-P
  139. Print an estimate of the number of file system blocks in the file system
  140. if it is shrunk using
  141. .BR resize2fs 's
  142. .B \-M
  143. option and then exit.
  144. .TP
  145. .B \-s
  146. Turns off the 64bit feature and frees blocks that are no longer in use.
  147. .TP
  148. .B \-S \fIRAID-stride
  149. The
  150. .B resize2fs
  151. program will heuristically determine the RAID stride that was specified
  152. when the file system was created. This option allows the user to
  153. explicitly specify a RAID stride setting to be used by resize2fs instead.
  154. .TP
  155. .BI \-z " undo_file"
  156. Before overwriting a file system block, write the old contents of the block to
  157. an undo file. This undo file can be used with e2undo(8) to restore the old
  158. contents of the file system should something go wrong. If the empty string is
  159. passed as the undo_file argument, the undo file will be written to a file named
  160. resize2fs-\fIdevice\fR.e2undo in the directory specified via the
  161. \fIE2FSPROGS_UNDO_DIR\fR environment variable.
  162. WARNING: The undo file cannot be used to recover from a power or system crash.
  163. .SH KNOWN BUGS
  164. The minimum size of the file system as estimated by resize2fs may be
  165. incorrect, especially for file systems with 1k and 2k blocksizes.
  166. .SH AUTHOR
  167. .B resize2fs
  168. was written by Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>.
  169. .SH COPYRIGHT
  170. Resize2fs is Copyright 1998 by Theodore Ts'o and PowerQuest, Inc. All
  171. rights reserved.
  172. As of April, 2000
  173. .B Resize2fs
  174. may be redistributed under the terms of the GPL.
  175. .SH SEE ALSO
  176. .BR fdisk (8),
  177. .BR e2fsck (8),
  178. .BR mke2fs (8),
  179. .BR lvm (8),
  180. .BR lvextend (8)