fgetc.3p (5119B)
- '\" et
- .TH FGETC "3P" 2017 "IEEE/The Open Group" "POSIX Programmer's Manual"
- .\"
- .SH PROLOG
- This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
- The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
- the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
- or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
- .\"
- .SH NAME
- fgetc
- \(em get a byte from a stream
- .SH SYNOPSIS
- .LP
- .nf
- #include <stdio.h>
- .P
- int fgetc(FILE *\fIstream\fP);
- .fi
- .SH DESCRIPTION
- The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the
- ISO\ C standard. Any conflict between the requirements described here and the
- ISO\ C standard is unintentional. This volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017 defers to the ISO\ C standard.
- .P
- If the end-of-file indicator for the input stream pointed to by
- .IR stream
- is not set and a next byte is present, the
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- function shall obtain the next byte as an
- .BR "unsigned char"
- converted to an
- .BR int ,
- from the input stream pointed to by
- .IR stream ,
- and advance the associated file position indicator for the stream (if
- defined). Since
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- operates on bytes, reading a character consisting of multiple bytes (or
- ``a multi-byte character'') may require multiple calls to
- \fIfgetc\fR().
- .P
- The
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- function may mark the last data access timestamp of the file
- associated with
- .IR stream
- for update. The last data access timestamp shall be marked for
- update by the first successful execution of
- \fIfgetc\fR(),
- \fIfgets\fR(),
- \fIfread\fR(),
- \fIfscanf\fR(),
- \fIgetc\fR(),
- \fIgetchar\fR(),
- \fIgetdelim\fR(),
- \fIgetline\fR(),
- \fIgets\fR(),
- or
- \fIscanf\fR()
- using
- .IR stream
- that returns data not supplied by a prior call to
- \fIungetc\fR().
- .SH "RETURN VALUE"
- Upon successful completion,
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- shall return the next byte from the input stream pointed to by
- .IR stream .
- If the end-of-file indicator for the stream is set, or if the
- stream is at end-of-file, the end-of-file indicator for the
- stream shall be set and
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- shall return EOF. If a read error occurs, the error indicator for the
- stream shall be set,
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- shall return EOF,
- and shall set
- .IR errno
- to indicate the error.
- .SH ERRORS
- The
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- function shall fail if data needs to be read and:
- .TP
- .BR EAGAIN
- The O_NONBLOCK flag is set for the file descriptor underlying
- .IR stream
- and the thread would be delayed in the
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- operation.
- .TP
- .BR EBADF
- The file descriptor underlying
- .IR stream
- is not a valid file descriptor open for reading.
- .TP
- .BR EINTR
- The read operation was terminated due to the receipt of a signal, and
- no data was transferred.
- .TP
- .BR EIO
- A physical I/O error has occurred, or the process is in a background
- process group attempting to read from its controlling terminal, and
- either the calling thread is blocking SIGTTIN or the process is ignoring
- SIGTTIN or the process group of the process is orphaned.
- This error may also be generated for implementation-defined reasons.
- .TP
- .BR EOVERFLOW
- The file is a regular file and an attempt was made to read at or beyond
- the offset maximum associated with the corresponding stream.
- .P
- The
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- function may fail if:
- .TP
- .BR ENOMEM
- Insufficient storage space is available.
- .TP
- .BR ENXIO
- A request was made of a nonexistent device, or the request was outside
- the capabilities of the device.
- .LP
- .IR "The following sections are informative."
- .SH EXAMPLES
- None.
- .SH "APPLICATION USAGE"
- If the integer value returned by
- \fIfgetc\fR()
- is stored into a variable of type
- .BR char
- and then compared against the integer constant EOF, the comparison may
- never succeed, because sign-extension of a variable of type
- .BR char
- on widening to integer is implementation-defined.
- .P
- The
- \fIferror\fR()
- or
- \fIfeof\fR()
- functions must be used to distinguish between an error condition and an
- end-of-file condition.
- .SH RATIONALE
- None.
- .SH "FUTURE DIRECTIONS"
- None.
- .SH "SEE ALSO"
- .IR "Section 2.5" ", " "Standard I/O Streams",
- .IR "\fIfeof\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIferror\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIfgets\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIfread\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIfscanf\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIgetchar\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIgetc\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIgets\fR\^(\|)",
- .IR "\fIungetc\fR\^(\|)"
- .P
- The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1\(hy2017,
- .IR "\fB<stdio.h>\fP"
- .\"
- .SH COPYRIGHT
- Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
- from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology
- -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
- Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition,
- Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of
- Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group.
- In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
- The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
- is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
- http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
- .PP
- Any typographical or formatting errors that appear
- in this page are most likely
- to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to
- man page format. To report such errors, see
- https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .